Statements

This chapter contains syntax diagrams, semantic descriptions, rules, and examples of the use of the SQL statements listed in the following table.

Table 36. SQL Schema Statements
SQL Statement	Description	Page
ALTER PROCEDURE (External)	Alters the description of an external procedure	ALTER PROCEDURE (External)
ALTER PROCEDURE (SQL)	Alters the description of an SQL procedure	ALTER PROCEDURE (SQL)
ALTER SEQUENCE	Alters the description of a sequence	ALTER SEQUENCE
ALTER TABLE	Alters the description of a table	ALTER TABLE
COMMENT	Replaces or adds a comment to the description of an alias, column, function, index, package, parameter, procedure, table, type or view	COMMENT
CREATE ALIAS	Creates an alias	CREATE ALIAS
CREATE DISTINCT TYPE	Creates a distinct type	CREATE DISTINCT TYPE
CREATE FUNCTION	Creates a user-defined function	CREATE FUNCTION
CREATE FUNCTION (External Scalar)	Creates an external scalar function	CREATE FUNCTION (External Scalar)
CREATE FUNCTION (External Table)	Creates an external table function	CREATE FUNCTION (External Table)
CREATE FUNCTION (Sourced)	Creates a user-defined function based on another existing scalar or column function	CREATE FUNCTION (Sourced)
CREATE FUNCTION (SQL Scalar)	Creates an SQL scalar function	CREATE FUNCTION (SQL Scalar)
CREATE FUNCTION (SQL Table)	Creates an SQL table function	CREATE FUNCTION (SQL Table)
CREATE INDEX	Creates an index on a table	CREATE INDEX
CREATE PROCEDURE	Creates a procedure.	CREATE PROCEDURE
CREATE PROCEDURE (External)	Creates an external procedure.	CREATE PROCEDURE (External)
CREATE PROCEDURE (SQL)	Creates an SQL procedure.	CREATE PROCEDURE (SQL)
CREATE SCHEMA	Creates a schema and a set of objects in that schema	CREATE SCHEMA
CREATE SEQUENCE	Creates a sequence	CREATE SEQUENCE
CREATE TABLE	Creates a table	CREATE TABLE
CREATE TRIGGER	Creates a trigger	CREATE TRIGGER
CREATE VIEW	Creates a view of one or more tables or views	CREATE VIEW
DROP	Drops an alias, function, index, package, procedure, schema, table, trigger, type, or view	DROP
GRANT (Distinct Type Privileges)	Grants privileges on a distinct type	GRANT (Distinct Type Privileges)
GRANT (Function or Procedure Privileges)	Grants privileges on a function or procedure	GRANT (Function or Procedure Privileges)
GRANT (Package Privileges)	Grants privileges on a package	GRANT (Package Privileges)
GRANT (Sequence Privileges)	Grants privileges on a sequence	GRANT (Sequence Privileges)
GRANT (Table Privileges)	Grants privileges on a table or view	GRANT (Table or View Privileges)
LABEL	Replaces or adds a label on the description of an alias, column, package, table, or view	LABEL
RENAME	Renames a table, view, or index.	RENAME
REVOKE (Distinct Type Privileges)	Revokes the privilege to use a distinct type	REVOKE (Distinct Type Privileges)
REVOKE (Function or Procedure Privileges)	Revokes privileges on a function or procedure	REVOKE (Function or Procedure Privileges)
REVOKE (Package Privileges)	Revokes the privilege to execute statements in a package	REVOKE (Package Privileges)
REVOKE (Sequence Privileges)	Revokes privileges on a sequence	REVOKE (Sequence Privileges)
REVOKE (Table Privileges)	Revokes privileges on a table or view	REVOKE (Table or View Privileges)

Table 37. SQL Data Change Statements
SQL Statement	Description	Page
DELETE	Deletes one or more rows from a table	DELETE
INSERT	Inserts one or more rows into a table	INSERT
UPDATE	Updates the values of one or more columns in one or more rows of a table	UPDATE

Table 38. SQL Data Statements
SQL Statement	Description	Page
	All SQL Data Change statements	Table 37
CLOSE	Closes a cursor	CLOSE
DECLARE CURSOR	Defines an SQL cursor	DECLARE CURSOR
FETCH	Positions a cursor on a row of the result table; can also assign values from one or more rows of the result table to variables	FETCH
FREE LOCATOR	Removes the association between a LOB locator variable and its value	FREE LOCATOR
HOLD LOCATOR	Allows a LOB locator variable to retain its association with a value beyond a unit of work	HOLD LOCATOR
LOCK TABLE	Either prevents concurrent processes from changing a table or prevents concurrent processes from using a table	LOCK TABLE
OPEN	Opens a cursor	OPEN
REFRESH TABLE	Refreshes the data in a materialized query table	REFRESH TABLE
SELECT	Executes a query	SELECT
SELECT INTO	Assigns values to variables	SELECT INTO
SET transition-variable	Assigns values to a transition variable	SET transition-variable
SET variable	Assigns values to a variable	SET variable
VALUES	Provides a method to invoke a user-defined function from a trigger.	VALUES
VALUES INTO	Specifies a result table of no more than one row and assigns the values to variables.	VALUES INTO

Table 39. SQL Transaction Statements
SQL Statement	Description	Page
COMMIT	Ends a unit of work and commits the database changes made by that unit of work	COMMIT
RELEASE SAVEPOINT	Releases a savepoint within a unit of work	RELEASE SAVEPOINT
ROLLBACK	Ends a unit of work and backs out the database changes made by that unit of work or made since the specified savepoint	ROLLBACK
SAVEPOINT	Sets a savepoint within a unit of work	SAVEPOINT
SET TRANSACTION	Changes the isolation level for the current unit of work	SET TRANSACTION

Table 40. SQL Connection Statements
SQL Statement	Description	Page
CONNECT (Type 1)	Connects to an application server and establishes the rules for remote unit of work	CONNECT (Type 1)
CONNECT (Type 2)	Connects to an application server and establishes the rules for application-directed distributed unit of work	CONNECT (Type 2)
DISCONNECT	Immediately ends one or more connections	DISCONNECT
RELEASE (Connection)	Places one or more connections in the release-pending state	RELEASE (Connection)
SET CONNECTION	Establishes the application server of the process by identifying one of its existing connections	SET CONNECTION

Table 41. SQL Dynamic Statements
SQL Statement	Description	Page
ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR	Allocates an SQL descriptor	ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR
DEALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR	Deallocates an SQL descriptor	DEALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR
DESCRIBE	Describes the result columns of a prepared statement	DESCRIBE
DESCRIBE INPUT	Describes the input parameter markers of a prepared statement	DESCRIBE INPUT
DESCRIBE TABLE	Describes the columns of a table or view	DESCRIBE TABLE
EXECUTE	Executes a prepared SQL statement	EXECUTE
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE	Prepares and executes an SQL statement	EXECUTE IMMEDIATE
GET DESCRIPTOR	Gets information from an SQL descriptor	GET DESCRIPTOR
PREPARE	Prepares an SQL statement for execution	PREPARE
SET DESCRIPTOR	Sets items in an SQL descriptor	SET DESCRIPTOR

Table 42. SQL Session Statements
SQL Statement	Description	Page
DECLARE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE	Defines a declared global temporary table	DECLARE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE
SET CURRENT DEBUG MODE	Assigns a value to the CURRENT DEBUG MODE special register	SET CURRENT DEBUG MODE
SET CURRENT DEGREE	Assigns a value to the CURRENT DEGREE special register	SET CURRENT DEGREE
SET ENCRYPTION PASSWORD	Assigns a value to the default encryption password and default encryption password hint	SET ENCRYPTION PASSWORD
SET PATH	Assigns a value to the CURRENT PATH special register	SET PATH
SET SCHEMA	Assigns a value to the CURRENT SCHEMA special register	SET SCHEMA
SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION	Changes the user of the job and the USER special register	SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION

Table 43. SQL Embedded Host Language Statements
SQL Statement	Description	Page
BEGIN DECLARE SECTION	Marks the beginning of an SQL declare section	BEGIN DECLARE SECTION
DECLARE PROCEDURE	Defines an external procedure	DECLARE PROCEDURE
DECLARE STATEMENT	Declares the names used to identify prepared SQL statements	DECLARE STATEMENT
DECLARE VARIABLE	Declares a subtype or normalized other than the default for a host variable	DECLARE VARIABLE
END DECLARE SECTION	Marks the end of an SQL declare section	END DECLARE SECTION
GET DIAGNOSTICS	Obtains information about the previously executed SQL statement	GET DIAGNOSTICS
INCLUDE	Inserts declarations into a source program	INCLUDE
SET OPTION	Establishes the options for processing SQL statements	SET OPTION
SET RESULT SET	Identifies the result sets in a procedure	SET RESULT SETS
SIGNAL	Signals an error or warning condition	SIGNAL
WHENEVER	Defines actions to be taken on the basis of SQL return codes	WHENEVER

Table 44. SQL Control Statements
SQL Statement	Description	Page
assignment-statement	Assigns a value to an output parameter or to a local variable	assignment-statement
CALL	Calls a procedure	CALL
CASE	Selects an execution path based on multiple conditions	CASE statement
compound-statement	Groups other statements together in an SQL routine	compound-statement
FOR	Executes a statement for each row of a table	FOR statement
GET DIAGNOSTICS	Obtains information about the previously executed SQL statement	GET DIAGNOSTICS statement
GOTO	Branches to a user-defined label within an SQL routine or trigger	GOTO statement
IF	Provides conditional execution based on the truth value of a condition	IF statement
ITERATE	Causes the flow of control to return to the beginning of a labelled loop	ITERATE statement
LEAVE	Continues execution by leaving a block or loop	LEAVE statement
LOOP	Repeats the execution of a statement	LOOP statement
REPEAT	Repeats the execution of a statement	REPEAT statement
RESIGNAL	Resignals an error or warning condition	RESIGNAL statement
RETURN	Returns from a routine	RETURN statement
SIGNAL	Signals an error or warning condition	SIGNAL statement
WHILE	Repeats the execution of a statement while a specified condition is true	WHILE statement