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154 lines
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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Command delimiters" />
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<meta name="abstract" content="Command delimiters are special characters or spaces that identify the beginning or end of a group of characters in a command." />
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<title>Command delimiters</title>
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<body id="rbam6delimiters"><a name="rbam6delimiters"><!-- --></a>
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<!-- Java sync-link --><script language="Javascript" src="../rzahg/synch.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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<h1 class="topictitle1">Command delimiters</h1>
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<div><p>Command delimiters are special characters or spaces that identify
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the beginning or end of a group of characters in a command.</p>
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<p>Delimiters are used to separate a character string into the individual
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parts that form a command: command label, command name, parameter keywords,
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and parameter values. Parameter values can be constants, variable names, lists,
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or expressions. The following diagram shows various delimiters for a command:</p>
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<p> <img src="rbam6502.gif" alt="Command Delimiters" /> </p>
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<p>The following delimiters are used in the i5/OS™ control language:</p>
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<ul><li>The colon (:) ends the command label, and it can be used to separate the
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command label from the command name. </li>
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<li>Blank spaces separate the command name from its parameters and separate
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parameters from each other. They also separate values in a list. Multiple
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blanks are treated as a single blank except in a quoted character string or
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comment enclosed in apostrophes. A blank <em>cannot</em> separate a keyword
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and the left parenthesis for the value. </li>
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<li>Parentheses ( ) are used to separate parameter values from their keywords,
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to group lists of values, and to group lists within lists. </li>
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<li>Slashes (/) connect the parts of a qualified name or the parts of a path
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name. <ul><li>For a qualified object name, the two parts are the library qualifier and
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the object name (LIBX/OBJA). </li>
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<li>For a path name, the parts are the directory or directories searched and
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the object name ('/Dir1/Dir2/Dir3/ObjA').</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Either a period or a comma can be used as a decimal point in a decimal
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value (3.14 or 3,14). Only one decimal point is allowed in a value. </li>
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<li>Apostrophes specify the beginning and ending of a quoted character string,
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which is a combination of any of the 256 extended binary-coded decimal interchange
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code (EBCDIC) characters that can be used as a constant. For example, 'YOU
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CAN USE $99@123.45 ()*></ and lowercase letters' is a valid quoted string
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that is a constant. <p>Because an apostrophe inside a quoted string is paired
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with the opening apostrophe (delimiter) and is interpreted as the ending delimiter,
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an apostrophe inside a quoted string must be specified as two apostrophes.
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A pair of adjacent apostrophes used this way is counted as a single character.</p>
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</li>
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<li>A special character is used to separate a date into three parts: month,
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day, and year (two parts for Julian dates: year and day). The special characters
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that may be used as date separators are the slash (/), the hyphen (-), the
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period (.), a blank ( ), and the comma (,). The special character used to
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code as separators in a command date must be the same as the special character
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specified as the date separator for the job. </li>
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<li>The characters /* and */ can indicate the beginning and ending of a comment,
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or can be used in a character string. To begin a comment, the characters /*
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must begin in the first position of the command, be preceded by a blank, or
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be followed by either a blank or an asterisk. If the characters /* or */ occur
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in a later position of a command, they will usually be enclosed in apostrophes
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and can represent, for example, all objects in the current directory for a
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path name.</li>
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<li>A question mark (?) preceding the command name indicates that the command
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is prompted. If the command is specified with a label, the question mark may
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either precede the label, or it may follow the label and precede the command
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name. <p>Within a CL program, when a question mark precedes a command name,
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a prompt display is presented. You can enter parameter values not specified
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on the command in the program.</p>
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<p>Prompting characters may be put into
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a command in two forms. A single question mark (?) may be coded before the
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command name (either before or after the command label in a CL program) to
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cause the entire command to be prompted. Selective prompt characters (?? or
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?*) may be coded before any parameter keyword to cause that parameter to be
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prompted when the command is run.</p>
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<p>If a question mark is entered before
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the command name on the command entry display, the effect is the same as pressing
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the F4 (Prompt) key after the command is entered.</p>
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<p>Within a CL program,
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when a question mark precedes the command name, a prompt display is presented.
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This display is of the same format as that presented when pressing the F4
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key from the command entry display. Parameters of the command for which the
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program has coded values are shown for informational purposes, but the user
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cannot change the values supplied by the program. Parameters for which no
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value was coded are shown as input fields so you can enter values to be used
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in processing the command.</p>
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<p>Selective prompting allows you to identify
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specific command parameters to be prompted. To call selective prompting, the
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characters ??, ?*, or ?- are coded immediately preceding the keyword name
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of the parameter(s) to be prompted.</p>
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<div class="note"><span class="notetitle">Note:</span> <ol><li>Selective prompting is not allowed with command string (*CMDSTR) parameters.
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</li>
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<li>Parameters of the command that are preceded by the characters ?* are shown,
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but you cannot change the values that are supplied by the program. Parameters
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preceded by the characters ?? are shown as input fields containing the values
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coded in the program or command defaults so you can enter or change the values
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used in processing the command. Parameters preceded by the characters ?- are
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omitted from the display. All selectively prompted parameters must be coded
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in keyword or keyword-with-value form. Several parameters may be selectively
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prompted within one command. When selective prompting is called, only keywords
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that are immediately preceded by the selective prompt characters are prompted.
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All other parameters are processed using the values as coded on the command
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or, if not coded, using command defaults. <p>Either form of prompting, but
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not both, is allowed on a single command in a CL program. If the character
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? precedes the command name and selective prompt characters (except ?-) precede
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any keyword, an error message is returned and the program is not created.</p>
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</li>
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</ol>
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</div>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div class="familylinks">
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<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="rbam6comparts.htm" title="The parts of a command include a command label (optional), a command name (mnemonic), and one or more parameters. The parameter includes a keyword and a value.">Command parts</a></div>
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</div>
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<div class="relconcepts"><strong>Related concepts</strong><br />
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<div><a href="rbam6simpqual.htm" title="The name of a specific object that is located in a library can be specified as a simple name or as a qualified name.">Simple and qualified object names</a></div>
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<div><a href="rbam6gencodrulessum.htm" title="This section contains a summary of general information needed to properly code CL commands.">Command coding rules</a></div>
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<div><a href="intcd.htm" title="Command definition allows system users to create additional commands to meet specific application needs. These commands are similar to the system commands.">Command definition parts</a></div>
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</div>
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<div class="reltasks"><strong>Related tasks</strong><br />
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<div><a href="pmtc.htm" title="You can control which parameters are displayed for a command during prompting by using prompt control specifications.">Use prompt control</a></div>
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</div>
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<div class="relref"><strong>Related reference</strong><br />
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<div><a href="rbam6comdefstate.htm" title="Command definition allows system users to create additional commands to meet specific application needs.">Command definition statements</a></div>
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</div>
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<div class="relinfo"><strong>Related information</strong><br />
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<div><a href="../ifs/rzaaxkickoff.htm">Integrated file systems</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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