133 lines
8.3 KiB
HTML
133 lines
8.3 KiB
HTML
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<meta name="DC.Title" content="How does network authentication service work?" />
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<meta name="abstract" content="Use the following information to understand how network authentication service works." />
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<title>How does network authentication service work?</title>
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<body id="rzakhhowdoes"><a name="rzakhhowdoes"><!-- --></a>
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<!-- Java sync-link --><script language="Javascript" src="../rzahg/synch.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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<h1 class="topictitle1">How does network authentication service work?</h1>
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<div><p>Use the following information to understand how network authentication
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service works.</p>
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<p> Kerberos protocol provides an authentication method for users and services
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on your network. As a network administrator, you can configure network authentication
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service so your iSeries™ system
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will accept Kerberos tickets as a form of authentication. The iSeries and
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several iSeries-specific applications act as a client/server within a Kerberos
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network, requesting tickets for users and for services for authentication.
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The Kerberos protocol provides users and services a means to prove their identities
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(authenticate) to an entire network, but it does not authorize them to resources
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on that network. Specific authorization to i5/OS™ functions is maintained through user
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profiles that are created on i5/OS. </p>
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<p>When a user authenticates using Kerberos, he or she is issued an initial
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ticket, called a ticket-granting ticket (TGT). The user can then use the TGT
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to request a service ticket to access other services and applications on the
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network. For authentication to work successfully, an administrator must register
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the users, i5/OS service
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principals, and applications that will use Kerberos protocol with the Kerberos
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server. The iSeries can
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act either as a server, where principals request authentication to services,
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or it can act as a client requesting tickets for applications and services
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on the network. The following graphics show how tickets flow in both of these
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situations.</p>
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<p><strong>iSeries as
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a server</strong></p>
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<p>This graphic shows how authentication works when an iSeries acts as a server in a Kerberos
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network. In this graphic, the Kerberos server or key distribution center (KDC)
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located in i5/OS PASE
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issues tickets to the principal, jday. </p>
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<p>Principal jday wants to access an application on iSeries A. In this case, Enterprise Identity
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Mapping (EIM) is used on the server to map the Kerberos principal to an i5/OS user
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profile. This is done for any iSeries server function that supports
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Kerberos authentication, such as IBM<sup>®</sup> <img src="eserver.gif" alt="e(logo)server" /> iSeries Access
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for Windows<sup>®</sup>.</p>
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<br /><img src="rzakh500.gif" alt="iSeries as Kerberos server" /><br /><div class="p"><blockquote>This description provides an overview of how this authentication process
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works within a network: <ol><li>The user, jday, authenticates to the Kerberos server by providing a principal
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and password when he signs into the Kerberos realm. This sends a request to
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the Kerberos server for a ticket-granting ticket (TGT).</li>
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<li>The Kerberos server validates his principal name and password and sends
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a TGT to jday.</li>
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<li>Jday needs access to an application on an iSeries server. The Kerberos client application
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on jday's PC sends his TGT to the Kerberos server to request a service ticket
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for the specific application or service, such as iSeries Navigator. The user's workstation
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manages his credentials cache which holds tickets and other identifying information
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for the user. These credentials are read from the cache as they are needed
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and new credentials are stored in the cache as they are obtained. This relieves
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the application of the responsibility for managing the credentials itself.</li>
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<li>The Kerberos server responds with the service ticket.</li>
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<li>The application sends the service ticket to the iSeries service to authenticate the user.</li>
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<li>The server application validates the ticket by calling the network authentication
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service APIs and optionally can send a response back to the client for mutual
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authentication.</li>
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<li>Using an EIM association, the Kerberos principal is then mapped to the i5/OS user
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profile</li>
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</ol>
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</blockquote>
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</div>
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<p><strong>iSeries as
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a client</strong></p>
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<p>This graphic shows how authentication works when an iSeries acts as a client in a Kerberos
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network. In this graphic, the Kerberos server which is located on the Windows 2000
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server, issues tickets to the user who authenticated to Kerberos. The iSeries A
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can be authenticated to other services. In this example, EIM is used on iSeries B
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to map the Kerberos principal to an iSeries user profile. This is done for
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any iSeries server
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function that supports Kerberos authentication, such as QFileSvr.400.</p>
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<br /><img src="rzakh503.gif" alt=" iSeries client in Kerberos network" /><br /><div class="p"><blockquote>This description provides an overview of how this authentication process
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works within a network: <ol><li>A principal, jday signs in to iSeries A and then requests a ticket-granting
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ticket by performing a <span class="cmdname">kinit</span> command in the Qshell Interpreter.
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The iSeries sends
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this request to the Kerberos server.</li>
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<li>The Kerberos server validates his principal name and password and sends
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a ticket granting ticket to jday.</li>
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<li>Jday needs access to an application on iSeries B. By calling the network authentication
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service APIs, the application sends jday's TGT to the Kerberos server to request
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a service ticket for the specific application or service. The principal's
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local machine manages a credentials cache which holds tickets, session keys,
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and other identifying information for the user. These credentials are read
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from the cache as they are needed and new credentials are stored in the cache
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as they are obtained. This relieves the application of the responsibility
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for managing the credentials itself.</li>
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<li>The Kerberos server responds with the service ticket. <div class="note"><span class="notetitle">Note:</span> A service
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principal for iSeries B
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needs to be added to the Kerberos server and network authentication service
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must also be configured on iSeries B.</div>
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</li>
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<li>The application sends the server ticket to the iSeries service to authenticate the user.</li>
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<li>The server application validates the ticket by calling the network authentication
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service APIs and optionally can send a response back to the client for mutual
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authentication.</li>
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<li>Using EIM association, the Kerberos principal is then mapped to the i5/OS user
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profile</li>
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</ol>
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</blockquote>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div class="familylinks">
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<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="rzakhconcept.htm" title="Network authentication service supports Kerberos protocols and Generic Security Service (GSS) APIs that provide user authentication in a network.">Concepts</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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