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162 lines
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<title>Security policy and objectives</title>
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<body id="rzaj40j0securitypolco"><a name="rzaj40j0securitypolco"><!-- --></a>
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<!-- Java sync-link --><script language="Javascript" src="../rzahg/synch.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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<h1 class="topictitle1">Security policy and objectives</h1>
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<div><p>Defining what to protect and what to expect of users.</p>
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<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Your security policy</h4><p><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />Each Internet service
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that you use or provide poses risks to your iSeries™ system and the network to which
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it is connected. A security policy is a set of rules that apply to activities
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for the computer and communications resources that belong to an organization.
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These rules include areas such as physical security, personnel security, administrative
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security, and network security.<img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></p>
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<p>Your <strong>security policy</strong> defines what you want to protect
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and what you expect of your system users. It provides a basis for security
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planning when you design new applications or expand your current network.
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It describes user responsibilities, such as protecting confidential information
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and creating nontrivial passwords. Your security policy should also describe
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how you will monitor the effectiveness of your security measures. Such monitoring
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helps you to determine whether someone may be attempting to circumvent your
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safeguards. </p>
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<p><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />To develop your security policy, you must clearly
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define your security objectives. Once you create a security policy, you must
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take steps to put into effect the rules it contains. These steps include training
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employees and adding necessary software and hardware to enforce the rules.
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Also, when you make changes in your computing environment, you should update
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your security policy. This is to ensure that you discuss any new risks that
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your changes impose. You can find an example of a security policy for the
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JKL Toy Company in the <span class="keyword"><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />IBM<sup>®</sup> Systems Software Information Center<img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></span> in
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the "Basic system security and planning" topic.<img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Your security objectives</h4><p>When you create and carry
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out a security policy, you must have clear objectives. Security objectives
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fall into one or more of these categories:</p>
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<dl><dt class="dlterm">Resource protection</dt>
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<dd>Your resource protection scheme ensures that only authorized users can
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access objects on the system. The ability to secure all types of system resources
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is an iSeries strength.
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You should carefully define the different categories of users that can access
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your system. Also, you should define what access authorization you want to
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give these groups of users as part of creating your security policy.</dd>
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<dt class="dlterm">Authentication </dt>
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<dd>The assurance or verification that
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the resource (human or machine) at the other end of the session really is
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what it claims to be. Solid authentication defends a system against the security
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risk of impersonation, in which a sender or receiver uses a false identity
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to access a system. Traditionally, systems have used passwords and user names
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for authentication; digital certificates can provide a more secure method
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of authentication while offering other security benefits as well. When you
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link your system to a public network like the Internet, user authentication
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takes on new dimensions. An important difference between the Internet and
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your intranet is your ability to trust the identity of a user who signs on.
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Consequently, you should consider seriously the idea of using stronger authentication
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methods than traditional user name and password logon procedures provide.
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Authenticated users may have different types of permissions based on their
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authorization levels.</dd>
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<dt class="dlterm">Authorization </dt>
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<dd><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />The assurance that the
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person or computer at the other end of the session has permission to carry
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out the request. Authorization is the process of determining who or what can
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access system resources or perform certain activities on a system. Typically,
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authorization is performed in context of authentication. <img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></dd>
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<dt class="dlterm">Integrity </dt>
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<dd>The assurance that arriving information
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is the same as what was sent out. Understanding integrity requires you to
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understand the concepts of data integrity and system integrity. <ul><li><strong>Data integrity</strong>: Data is protected from unauthorized changes or tampering.
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Data integrity defends against the security risk of manipulation, in which
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someone intercepts and changes information to which he or she is not authorized.
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In addition to protecting data that is stored within your network, you may
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need additional security to ensure data integrity when data enters your system
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from untrusted sources. When data that enters your system comes from a public
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network, you may need security methods so that you can do the following: <ul><li><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />Protect the data from being <span class="q">"sniffed"</span> and interpreted,
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typically by encrypting it.<img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></li>
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<li>Ensure that the transmission has not been altered (data integrity).</li>
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<li><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />Prove that the transmission occurred (nonrepudiation). In
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the future, you might need the electronic equivalent of registered or certified
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mail.<img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<ul><li><strong>System integrity</strong>: Your system provides consistent, expected results
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with expected performance. For the iSeries, system integrity is the most
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commonly overlooked component of security because it is a fundamental part
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of iSeries architecture.
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iSeries architecture,
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for example, makes it extremely difficult for a mischief-maker to imitate
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or change an operating system program when you use security level 40 or 50.</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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<dt class="dlterm"><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />nonrepudiation <img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></dt>
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<dd><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />nonrepudiation is proof that a transaction occurred, or that
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you sent or received a message. The use of digital certificates and public
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key cryptography to "sign" transactions, messages, and documents supports
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nonrepudiation. Both the sender and the receiver agree that the exchange took
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place. The digital signature on the data provides the necessary proof.<img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></dd>
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<dt class="dlterm">Confidentiality</dt>
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<dd><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />The assurance that sensitive information remains private and
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is not visible to an eavesdropper. Confidentiality is critical to total data
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security. Encrypting data by using digital certificates and the Secure Socket
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Layer (SSL) helps ensure confidentiality when transmitting
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data across untrusted networks. Your security policy should conclude how you
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will provide confidentiality for information within your network as well as
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when information leaves your network. <img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></dd>
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<dt class="dlterm">Auditing security activities</dt>
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<dd>Monitoring security-relevant events to provide a log of both successful
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and unsuccessful (denied) access. Successful access records tell you who is
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doing what on your systems. Unsuccessful (denied) access records tell you
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either that someone is attempting to break your security or that someone is
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having difficulty accessing your system.</dd>
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</dl>
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<p><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />Understanding your
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security objectives helps you create a security policy that includes all your
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networking and Internet security needs. You may find it helpful to review
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the <a href="rzaj45lbasiccorpusage.htm#rzaj45lbasiccorpusage">JKL Toy
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Company e-business scenario</a> as you define your objectives and create
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your security policy. The scenario company's Internet usage and security plan
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is representative of many real world implementations. <img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div class="familylinks">
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<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="rzaj45zssecurityplanning.htm" title="Use this information to gain a general understanding of the strengths of iSeries security for e-business and the iSeries security offerings available to you.">Planning Internet security</a></div>
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</div>
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<div class="relconcepts"><strong>Related concepts</strong><br />
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<div><a href="rzaj45asecureway.htm" title="As an iSeries owner exploring options for connecting your systems to the Internet, one of the first questions you will typically ask is, "How do I begin to use the Internet for business purposes?" The second question is, "What should I know about security and the Internet?" The focus of this material is to help you to answer this second question.">iSeries and Internet security considerations</a></div>
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<div><a href="rzaj40a0internetsecurity.htm" title="Your security policy defines what you want to protect and what you expect of your system users.">The layered defense approach to security</a></div>
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<div><a href="../rzahu/rzahurzahu401usingdcm.htm">Digital certificates</a></div>
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<div><a href="../rzain/rzainoverview.htm">Secure Socket Layer (SSL)</a></div>
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<div><a href="rzaj45lbasiccorpusage.htm" title="Describes a typical business, the JKL Toy Company which has decided to expand its business objectives by using the Internet. Although the company is fictitious, their plans for using the Internet for e-business and their resulting security needs are representative of many real world company situations.">Scenario: JKL Toy Company e-business plans</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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