116 lines
3.2 KiB
HTML
116 lines
3.2 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
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"text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<title>ln - Link files</title>
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<LINK rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../rzahg/ic.css">
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</HEAD>
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<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
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<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="Javascript" SRC="../rzahg/synch.js" TYPE="text/javascript"></SCRIPT>
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<h2>ln - Link files</h2>
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<strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<p><strong>ln [-fs]</strong> <em>source_file</em>
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[<em>target_file</em>]</p>
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<p><strong>ln [-fs]</strong> <em>source_file ...</em>
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[<em>target_dir</em>]</p>
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<p><strong>Description</strong></p>
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<p>The <strong>ln</strong> utility creates a new directory entry
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(linked file) which has the same modes as the original file. It is
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useful for maintaining multiple copies of a file in many places at
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once without using up storage for the copies. Instead, a link
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"points to" the original copy. There are two types of links: hard
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links and symbolic links. How a link "points to" a file is one of
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the differences between a hard or symbolic link.</p>
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<p>By default <strong>ln</strong> makes hard links. A hard link to
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a file is indistinguishable from the original directory entry; any
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changes to a file are effective independent of the name used to
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reference the file. Hard links may not normally refer to
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directories and may not span file systems.</p>
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<p>A symbolic link contains the name of the file to which it is
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linked. Symbolic links may span file systems and may refer to
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directories.</p>
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<p>Given one or two arguments, <strong>ln</strong> creates a link
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to an existing file <em>source_file</em>. If <em>target_file</em>
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is given, the link has that name. <em>Target_file</em> may also be
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a directory in which to place the link. Otherwise it is placed in
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the current directory. If only the directory is specified, the link
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will be made to the last component of <em>source_file</em>.</p>
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<p>Given more than two arguments, <strong>ln</strong> makes links
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in <em>target_dir</em> to all the named source files. The links
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made will have the same name as the files being linked to.</p>
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<p><strong>Options</strong></p>
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<dl>
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<dt><strong>-f</strong></dt>
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<dd>Unlink any already existing file, permitting the link to
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occur.</dd>
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<dt><strong>-s</strong></dt>
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<dd>Create a symbolic link.</dd>
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</dl>
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<p><strong>Exit Status</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li>0 when success</li>
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<li>>0 when an error occurs</li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>Related information</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="cp.htm">cp - Copy files</a></li>
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<li><a href="ls.htm">ls - List directory contents</a></li>
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<li><a href="mv.htm">mv - Move files</a></li>
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<li><a href="rm.htm">rm - Remove directory entries</a></li>
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<li><a href="rmdir.htm">rmdir - Remove directories</a></li>
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</ul>
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<strong>Examples</strong>
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<ol>
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<li>Create a symbolic link from the file, "/usr/bin/perl5" to the
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file "/usr/bin/perl".
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<pre>
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ln -s /usr/bin/perl5 /usr/bin/perl
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</pre>
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</li>
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<li>Create a new link from the file "/usr/bin/qsh" to the file
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"/bin/qsh" and unlink the file "/bin/qsh" if it exists.
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<pre>
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ln -f /usr/bin/qsh /bin/qsh
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</pre>
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</li>
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</ol>
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