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<title>pthread_mutex_init()--Initialize Mutex</title>
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<h2>pthread_mutex_init()--Initialize Mutex</h2>
<div class="box" style="width: 60%;">
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Syntax:
<pre>
#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;
int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
const pthread_mutexattr_t *attr);
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
</pre>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Service Program Name: QP0WPTHR<br>
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<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Default Public Authority: *USE <br>
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<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Threadsafe: Yes<br>
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<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Signal Safe: Yes<br>
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<br>
</div>
<p>The <strong>pthread_mutex_init</strong>() function initializes a mutex with
the specified attributes for use. The new mutex may be used immediately for
serializing critical resources. If <em>attr</em> is specified as <strong>
NULL</strong>, all attributes are set to the default mutex attributes for the
newly created mutex.</p>
<p>With these declarations and initialization:</p>
<pre>
pthread_mutex_t mutex2;
pthread_mutex_t mutex3;
pthread_mutexattr_t mta;
pthread_mutexattr_init(&amp;mta);
</pre>
<p>The following three mutex initialization mechanisms have equivalent
function.</p>
<pre>
pthread_mutex_t mutex1 = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
pthread_mutex_init(&amp;mutex2, NULL);
pthread_mutex_init(&amp;mutex3, &amp;mta);
</pre>
<p>All three mutexes are created with the default mutex attributes.</p>
<p>Every mutex must eventually be destroyed with <strong>
pthread_mutex_destroy</strong>(). The machine eventually detects the error if a
mutex is not destroyed. Large numbers of these entries can affect system
performance. Always use <strong>pthread_mutex_destroy</strong>() before freeing
or reusing mutex storage.</p>
<p>Once a mutex is created, it cannot be validly copied or moved to a new
location. If the mutex is copied or moved to a new location, the new object is
not valid and cannot be used. Attempts to use the new object result in the
EINVAL error.</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> Mutex initialization using the <strong>
PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER</strong> does not immediately initialize the mutex.
Instead, on first use, the <strong>pthread_mutex_lock</strong>() or <strong>
pthread_mutex_trylock</strong>() functions branch into a slow path and cause
the initialization of the mutex. Because a mutex is not just a simple memory
object and requires that some resources be allocated by the system, an attempt
to call <strong>pthread_mutex_destroy</strong>() or <strong>
pthread_mutex_unlock</strong>() on a mutex that was statically initialized
using <strong>PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALER</strong> and was not yet locked causes an
<strong>EINVAL</strong> error.</p>
<br>
<h3>Authorities and Locks</h3>
<p>None.</p>
<br>
<h3>Parameters</h3>
<dl>
<dt><strong>mutex</strong></dt>
<dd>(Input) The address of the variable to contain a mutex object.</dd>
<dt><strong>attr</strong></dt>
<dd>(Input) The address of the variable containing the mutex attributes
object.</dd>
</dl>
<br>
<h3>Return Value</h3>
<dl>
<dt><strong>0</strong></dt>
<dd><strong>pthread_mutex_init</strong>() was successful.</dd>
<dt><strong>value</strong></dt>
<dd><strong>pthread_mutex_init</strong>() was not successful. <em>value</em> is
set to indicate the error condition.</dd>
</dl>
<br>
<h3>Error Conditions</h3>
<p>If <strong>pthread_mutex_init</strong>() was not successful, the error
condition returned usually indicates one of the following errors. Under some
conditions, the value returned could indicate an error other than those listed
here.</p>
<dl>
<dt><em>[EINVAL]</em></dt>
<dd><p>The value specified for the argument is not correct.</p></dd>
<dt><em>[ENOMEM]</em></dt>
<dd><p>The system cannot allocate the resources required to create the mutex.</p></dd>
</dl>
<br>
<h3>Related Information</h3>
<ul>
<li>The &lt;<strong>pthread.h</strong>&gt; header file. See <a href=
"rzah4hed.htm">Header files for Pthread functions</a>.<br><br></li>
<li><a href="users_60.htm">pthread_mutex_destroy()</a>--Destroy Mutex<br><br></li>
<li><a href="users_62.htm">pthread_mutex_lock()</a>--Lock Mutex<br><br></li>
<li><a href="users_64.htm">pthread_mutex_trylock()</a>--Lock Mutex with No
Wait<br><br></li>
<li><a href="users_65.htm">pthread_mutex_unlock()</a>--Unlock Mutex</li>
</ul>
<br>
<h3>Example</h3>
<p>See <a href="../apiref/aboutapis.htm#codedisclaimer">Code disclaimer information</a>
for information pertaining to code examples.</p>
<pre>
#define _MULTI_THREADED
#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
#include "check.h"
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
pthread_mutex_t mutex2;
pthread_mutex_t mutex3;
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int rc=0;
pthread_mutexattr_t mta;
printf("Enter Testcase - %s\n", argv[0]);
printf("Create a default mutex attribute\n");
rc = pthread_mutexattr_init(&amp;mta);
checkResults("pthread_mutexattr_init\n", rc);
printf("Create the mutexes using the default mutex attributes\n");
printf("First mutex created via static PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER\n");
printf("Create the mutex using the NULL attributes (default)\n");
rc = pthread_mutex_init(&amp;mutex3, NULL);
checkResults("pthread_mutex_init(NULL)\n", rc);
printf("Create the mutex using a mutex attributes object\n");
rc = pthread_mutex_init(&amp;mutex2, &amp;mta);
checkResults("pthread_mutex_init(mta)\n", rc);
printf("- At this point, all mutexes can be used with their\n");
printf("- default attributes from any threads that want to\n");
printf("- use them\n");
printf("Destroy all mutexes\n");
pthread_mutex_destroy(&amp;mutex);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&amp;mutex2);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&amp;mutex3);
printf("Main completed\n");
return 0;
}
</pre>
<p><strong>Output:</strong></p>
<pre>
Enter Testcase - QP0WTEST/TPMTXINI0
Create a default mutex attribute
Create the mutexes using the default mutex attributes
First mutex created via static PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
Create the mutex using the NULL attributes (default)
Create the mutex using a mutex attributes object
- At this point, all mutexes can be used with their
- default attributes from any threads that want to
- use them
Destroy all mutexes
Main completed
</pre>
<hr>
API introduced: V4R3
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