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<title>gethostbyaddr()--Get Host Information for IP Address</title>
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<h2>gethostbyaddr()--Get Host Information for IP Address</h2>
<div class="box" style="width: 70%;">
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;BSD 4.3 Syntax<br>
<pre>
#include &lt;netdb.h&gt;
struct hostent *gethostbyaddr(char *<em>host_address</em>,
int <em>address_length</em>,
int <em>address_type</em>)
</pre>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Service Program Name: QSOSRV2<br>
<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Default Public Authority: *USE<br>
<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Threadsafe: No; see <a href="#USAGE_NOTES">Usage Notes</a>.<br>
<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
<br>
</div>
<br>
<div class="box" style="width: 70%;">
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="_xopen_source.htm">UNIX 98 Compatible Syntax</a><br>
<pre>
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 520
#include &lt;netdb.h&gt;
struct hostent *gethostbyaddr(const void *<em>host_address</em>,
socklen_t <em>address_length</em>,
int <em>address_type</em>)
</pre>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Service Program Name: QSOSRV2<br>
<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Default Public Authority: *USE<br>
<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Threadsafe: No; see <a href="#USAGE_NOTES">Usage Notes</a>.<br>
<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
<br>
</div>
<br>
<p>The <em>gethostbyaddr()</em> function is used to retrieve information about
a host.</p>
<p>There are two versions of the API, as shown above. The base i5/OS API uses BSD 4.3 structures and
syntax. The other uses syntax and structures compatible with the UNIX 98
programming interface specifications. You can select the UNIX 98 compatible
interface with the <a href="_xopen_source.htm">_XOPEN_SOURCE</a> macro.</p>
<br>
<h3>Parameters</h3>
<dl>
<dt><strong>host_address</strong></dt>
<dd>(Input) The pointer to a structure of type <strong>in_addr</strong> that
contains the address of the host for which information is to be retrieved.<br>
<br>
</dd>
<dt><strong>address_length</strong></dt>
<dd>(Input) The length of the <em>host_address</em>.<br>
<br>
</dd>
<dt><strong>address_type</strong></dt>
<dd>(Input) The domain type of the host address. <samp>AF_INET</samp> is the only
value for this parameter that is supported.</dd>
</dl>
<br>
<h3>Authorities</h3>
<p>No authorization is required.</p>
<br>
<h3>Return Value</h3>
<p><em>gethostbyaddr()</em> returns a pointer. Possible values are:</p>
<ul>
<li>NULL (unsuccessful)<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>p (successful), where p is a pointer to <strong>struct hostent</strong>,
defined in <strong>&lt;netdb.h&gt;</strong>.</li>
</ul>
<pre>
struct hostent {
char *h_name;
char **h_aliases;
int h_addrtype;
int h_length;
char **h_addr_list;
};
#define h_addr h_addr_list[0]
</pre>
<p><em>h_name</em> points to the character string that contains the name of the
host. <em>h_aliases</em> is a pointer to a NULL-terminated list of pointers,
each of which points to a character string that represents an alternative name
for the host. <em>h_addrtype</em> contains the address type of the host (for
example, <samp>AF_INET</samp>). <em>h_length</em> contains the address length.
<em>h_addr_list</em> is a pointer to a NULL-terminated list of pointers, each
of which points to a network address for the host, in network byte order. Note
that the array of address pointers points to structures of type
<strong>in_addr</strong> defined in <strong>&lt;netinet/in.h&gt;</strong>.</p>
<h3>Error Conditions</h3>
<p>When <em>gethostbyaddr()</em> fails, <em>h_errno</em> (defined in
<strong>&lt;netdb.h&gt;</strong>) can be set to one of the following:</p>
<dl>
<dt><em>[HOST_NOT_FOUND]</em></dt>
<dd><p>The host name specified by the
<em>host_address</em> parameter was not found.</p></dd>
<dt><em>[NO_DATA]</em></dt>
<dd><p>The host name is a valid name, but there is no
corresponding IP address.</p></dd>
<dt><em>[NO_RECOVERY]</em></dt>
<dd><p>An unrecoverable error has occurred.</p></dd>
<dt><em>[TRY_AGAIN]</em></dt>
<dd><p>The local server did not receive a response from
an authoritative server. An attempt at a later time may succeed.</p></dd>
</dl>
<br>
<br>
<h3><a name="USAGE_NOTES">Usage Notes</a></h3>
<ol>
<li>The iSeries Navigator or the
following CL commands can be
used to access the host database file:<br>
<br>
<ul>
<li>ADDTCPHTE (Add TCP/IP Host Table Entry)<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>RMVTCPHTE (Remove TCP/IP Host Table Entry)<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>CHGTCPHTE (Change TCP/IP Host Table Entry)<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>RNMTCPHTE (Rename TCP/IP Host Table Entry)<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>MRGTCPHT (Merge TCP/IP Host Tables)</li>
</ul>
<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>The pointer returned by <em>gethostbyaddr()</em> points to static storage
that is overwritten on subsequent calls to the <em>gethostbyaddr()</em>,
<em>gethostbyname()</em>, or <em>gethostent()</em> functions.<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>There are two sources from which host information can be obtained: the
domain name server, and the host database file. The path taken depends on
whether an IP address is configured for a name server using the iSeries Navigator or
option 12, Change TCP/IP domain information, on the Configure TCP/IP (CFGTCP) menu.
<p>Note: A person with a UNIX background would expect this information to
exist in a file known as <strong>/etc/resolv.conf</strong>. If the IP address
is found (indicating that the local network is a domain network), the
<em>gethostbyaddr()</em> function attempts to query the domain name server for
information about a host. If the query fails, the information is obtained from
the host database file. If the name server IP address is not found (indicating
that local network is a flat network), the host database file is used to obtain
the host information.</p>
</li>
<li>When host information is retrieved from the host database file, the opened
file is only closed if a <em>sethostent()</em> with a nonzero parameter value
was not previously done.<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>If a <em>sethostent()</em> with a nonzero parameter value was previously
done, <em>gethostbyaddr()</em>, when obtaining host information from the domain
name server, communicates with the domain name server over a
connection-oriented transport service (for example, TCP). Otherwise,
<em>gethostbyaddr()</em> uses a connectionless transport service (for example,
UDP).<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>If the host information is obtained from the domain name server, the
information is returned in the default coded character set identifier (CCSID)
currently in effect for the job. (The default CCSID is the same as the job
CCSID unless 65535 is requested, in which case the default CCSID is set based
on the language ID of the job. See <a href=
"../nls/rbagsglobalmain.htm">globalization</a> for more information.) If the
host information is retrieved from the host database file, the default CCSID of
the job is not used. To request translation of the host information when it is
retrieved from the host database file, you must use a job CCSID of something
other than 65535.<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>Address families are defined in <strong>&lt;sys/socket.h&gt;</strong>, and
the <strong>in_addr</strong> structure is defined in
<strong>&lt;netinet/in.h&gt;</strong>.<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>Do not use the <em>gethostbyaddr()</em> function in a multithreaded
environment. See the multithread alternative <em>gethostbyaddr_r()</em>
function.<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>When you develop in C-based languages and an application is compiled with the _XOPEN_SOURCE
macro defined to the value 520 or greater, the <em>gethostbyaddr()</em> API is mapped to
<em>qso_gethostbyaddr98()</em>.</li>
</ol>
<br>
<h3>Related Information</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="_xopen_source.htm">_XOPEN_SOURCE</a>--Using _XOPEN_SOURCE for the UNIX 98
compatible interface<br>
<br>
</li>
<li><a href="hstrerror.htm">hstrerror()</a>--Retrieve Resolver Error
Message<br>
<br>
</li>
<li><a href="reshostalias.htm">res_hostalias()</a>--Retrieve the host alias<br>
<br>
</li>
<li><a href="ghostnm.htm">gethostbyname()</a>--Get Host Information for Host
Name<br>
<br>
</li>
<li><a href="ghostnt.htm">gethostent()</a>--Get Next Entry from Host
Database<br>
<br>
</li>
<li><a href="shostnt.htm">sethostent()</a>--Open Host Database<br>
<br>
</li>
<li><a href="ehostnt.htm">endhostent()</a>--Close Host Database</li>
</ul>
<br>
<hr>
API introduced: V3R1
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