222 lines
5.9 KiB
HTML
222 lines
5.9 KiB
HTML
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<title>od - Dump files in various formats</title>
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<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="Javascript" SRC="../rzahg/synch.js" TYPE="text/javascript"></SCRIPT>
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<h2>od - Dump files in various formats</h2>
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<strong>Synopsis</strong>
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<p>
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<strong>od [-A</strong> <em>address_base</em><strong>]
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[-j</strong> <em>skip</em><strong>] [-N</strong> <em>
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count</em><strong>] [-t</strong> <em>type_string</em><strong>]
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[-Cbcdosvx]</strong> [<em>file...</em>]
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</p>
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<p><strong>Description</strong></p>
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<p>The <strong>od</strong> utility writes the contents of the
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specified <em>files</em> to standard output in a user-specified
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format. If the <em>file</em> parameter is not given, the <strong>
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od</strong> command reads standard input. The format is specified
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by the <strong>-t</strong> flag. If no format type is specified,
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<strong>-t oS</strong> is the default.</p>
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<p><strong>Options</strong></p>
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<dl>
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<dt><strong>-A</strong> <em>address_base</em></dt>
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<dd>Specifies the format for the output offset base. The <em>
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address_base</em> can be one of these values:
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<ul>
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<li><strong>d</strong> for decimal,</li>
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<li><strong>o</strong> for octal,</li>
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<li><strong>x</strong> for hexadecimal, or</li>
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<li><strong>n</strong> for none.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>In the case of <strong>n</strong>, the offset base is not
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displayed. If <strong>-A</strong> is not specified, <strong>-A
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o</strong> is the default.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>-b</strong></dt>
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<dd>Output bytes in octal. It is equivalent to <strong>-t 01</strong>.
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>-C</strong></dt>
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<dd>Display the CCSID of the file to standard output before the
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rest of the output is written.</dd>
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<dt><strong>-c</strong></dt>
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<dd>Output bytes as characters. It is equivalent to <strong>-t c</strong>.
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>-d</strong></dt>
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<dd>Output bytes in unsigned decimal. It is equivalent to <strong>-t u2</strong>.
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>-j</strong> <em>skip</em></dt>
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<dd>Specifies the number of bytes to skip before beginning to
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display output. If more than one file is specified, the number of
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bytes will be used on the concatenated input of all files
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specified. An error will occur if this number is larger than the
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size of the concatenated inputs. This value can be specified in
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hexadecimal (preceded by 0x or 0X), octal (preceded by 0), or
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decimal (default).</dd>
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<dt><strong>-N</strong> <em>count</em></dt>
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<dd>Specifies the number of bytes to be written. By default, the
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whole file will be written. This value can be specified in
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hexadecimal (preceded by 0x or 0X), octal (preceded by 0), or
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decimal (default).</dd>
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<dt><strong>-o</strong></dt>
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<dd>Output bytes in octal. It is equivalent to <strong>-t o2</strong>.
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>-s</strong></dt>
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<dd>Output bytes in signed decimal. It is equivalent to <strong>-t d2</strong>.
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>-t</strong> <em>type_string</em></dt>
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<dd>Specifies one or more output types. The type specified must be
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a string containing all of the formatting types that you want. The <em>
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type_string</em> can contain these values:
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<ul>
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<li><strong>a</strong> for character,</li>
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<li><strong>c</strong> for character,</li>
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<li><strong>d</strong> for signed decimal,</li>
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<li><strong>f</strong> for floating point,</li>
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<li><strong>o</strong> for octal,</li>
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<li><strong>u</strong> for unsigned decimal, or</li>
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<li><strong>x</strong> for hexadecimal.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>The type specifications of <strong>a</strong> and <strong>
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c</strong> may give unexpected results since they depend on the
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CCSID on the data. The <strong>a</strong> type specifier displays
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non-printable characters as named characters. The <strong>c</strong>
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type specifier displays non-printable characters as three digit
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octal numbers.</p>
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<p>The type specifications of <strong>d, o, u</strong> and <strong>
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x</strong> can also be followed by <strong>1, 2, 4, C, S,
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I</strong> or <strong>L</strong>. These specify the number of bytes
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to be transformed by each instance of the output type. The values
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<strong>C, S, I</strong> and <strong>L</strong> correspond to char,
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short, int and long.</p>
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<p>The type specification of <strong>f</strong> can be followed by
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by <strong>4, 8, F, D</strong> or <strong>L</strong>. These specify
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the number of bytes to be transformed by each instance of the
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output type. The values <strong>F, D</strong> and <strong>
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L</strong> correspond to float, double, and long double. If <strong>-t</strong> is not specified, the default
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is <strong>-t oS</strong>.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>-v</strong></dt>
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<dd>Write all input data. Without this option, repeated output
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lines will not be written. When repeats occur, only an asterisk (*)
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will be written.</dd>
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<dt><strong>-x</strong></dt>
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<dd>Output bytes in hexadecimal. It is equivalent to <strong>-t x2</strong>.
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<p><strong>Operands</strong></p>
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<p>Each <em>file</em> is a path name of an object to be written to
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standard output. If no <em>file</em> operands are specified,
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standard input will be used.</p>
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<p><strong>Exit Status</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li>0 when successful</li>
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<li>>0 when an error occurred.</li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>Related information</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="cat.htm">cat - Concatenate and print files</a></li>
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<li><a href="pr.htm">pr - Print files</a></li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>Examples</strong></p>
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<ol>
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<li>Dump a file in hexadecimal format.
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<pre>
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od -tx output.txt
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</pre>
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</li>
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<li>Dump the first 50 bytes of a file.
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<pre>
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od -N50 output.txt
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</pre>
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</li>
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<li>Skip the first 100 bytes and then dump the rest of a file.
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<pre>
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od -j100 output.txt
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</pre>
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</li>
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<li>Dump a file in both hexadecimal and character format.
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<pre>
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od -tx1 -tc output.txt
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</pre>
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</li>
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</ol>
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