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<title>pthread_mutex_timedlock_np()--Lock Mutex with Time-Out</title>
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<h2>pthread_mutex_timedlock_np()--Lock Mutex with Time-Out</h2>
<div class="box" style="width: 70%;">
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Syntax:
<pre>
#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;
#include &lt;time.h&gt;
int pthread_mutex_timedlock_np(pthread_mutex_t *mutex,
const struct timespec *deltatime);
</pre>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Service Program Name: QP0WPTHR<br>
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<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Default Public Authority: *USE <br>
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<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Threadsafe: Yes<br>
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<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;Signal Safe: Yes<br>
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<br>
</div>
<p>The <strong>pthread_mutex_timedlock_np</strong>() function acquires
ownership of the <em>mutex</em> specified. If the mutex is currently locked by
another thread, the call to <strong>pthread_mutex_timedlock_np</strong>() will
block until the specified deltatime has elapsed or the holding thread
relinquishes ownership by a call to <strong>pthread_mutex_unlock</strong>().</p>
<p>Performing a <strong>pthread_mutex_timedlock_np</strong>() wait for a mutex
has different semantics related to signal handling than the <strong>
pthread_mutex_lock</strong>() function. If a signal is delivered to a thread
while that thread is performing a timed wait for a mutex, the signal is held
pending until either the mutex is acquired or the time-out occurs. At that time
the signal handler will run, when the signal handler returns, <strong>
pthread_mutex_timedlock_np</strong>() will return the results of the timed mutex
wait.</p>
<p>Use the CL command WRKJOB, option 20 for a screen that will aid in debugging
mutex deadlocks.</p>
<p>Destroying a held mutex is a common way to serialize destruction of objects
that are protected by that mutex, and is allowed. The call to <strong>
pthread_mutex_timedlock_np</strong>() may fail with the <strong>
EDESTROYED</strong> error if the mutex is destroyed by the thread that was
currently holding it.</p>
<p>Note that mutex initialization using the <strong>
PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER</strong> does not immediately initialize the mutex.
Instead, on first use, <strong>pthread_mutex_timedlock_np</strong>(), <strong>
pthread_mutex_lock</strong>() or <strong>pthread_mutex_trylock</strong>()
branches into a slow path and causes the initialization of the mutex. Because a
mutex is not just a simple memory object, and requires that some resources be
allocated by the system, an attempt to call <strong>
pthread_mutex_destroy</strong>() or <strong>pthread_mutex_unlock</strong>() on
a mutex that has was statically initialized using <strong>
PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER</strong> and was not yet locked will result in an
<strong>EINVAL</strong> error.</p>
<p>A pthread mutex is a structure of type pthread_mutex_t that implement a
behavior based on the Pthread mutexes. An MI mutex is a structure built into
the machine that implement a similar sort of serialization construct.</p>
<p>The maximum number of recursive locks by the owning thread is 32,767. After
which, attempts to lock the mutex will return the <strong>ERECURSE</strong>
error.</p>
<p><strong>Note:</strong> This function is not portable</p>
<br>
<h3>Mutex Types</h3>
<p>A normal mutex cannot be locked repeatedly by the owner. Attempts by a
thread to relock an already held mutex, or to lock a mutex that was held by
another thread when that thread terminated result in a deadlock condition.</p>
<p>A recursive mutex can be locked repeatedly by the owner. The mutex does not
become unlocked until the owner has called <strong>
pthread_mutex_unlock</strong>() for each successful lock request that it has
outstanding on the mutex.</p>
<p>An errorcheck mutex checks for deadlock conditions that occur when a thread
re-locks an already held mutex. If a thread attempts to relock a mutex that it
already holds, the lock request fails with the <strong>EDEADLK</strong>
error.</p>
<p>An ownerterm mutex is an i5/OS extension to the errorcheck mutex type. An
ownerterm mutex checks for deadlock conditions that occur when a thread
re-locks an already held mutex. If a thread attempts to relock a mutex that it
already holds, the lock request fails with the <strong>EDEADLK</strong> error.
An ownerterm mutex also checks for deadlock conditions that occur when a thread
attempts to lock a mutex that was held by another thread when that thread
terminated (an orphaned mutex). If a thread attempts to lock an orphaned mutex,
the lock request fails with the <strong>EOWNERTERM</strong> error.</p>
<p>When a thread terminates while holding a mutex lock on a normal or errorcheck
mutex, other threads that wait for that mutex will block forever, or until the
specified deltatime has elapsed. The pthreads
run-time simulates the deadlock that has occurred in your application. When
attempting to debug these deadlock scenarios, the CL command WRKJOB, option 20
will show the thread as in a condition wait. Displaying the call stack will
show that the function <strong>deadlockedOnOrphanedMutex</strong> or <strong>
timedDeadlockOnOrphanedMutex</strong> is in the
call stack.</p>
<p>When a thread attempts to acquire a normal mutex that it already holds, the
thread will block forever, or until the specified deltatime has elapsed.
The pthreads run-time simulates the deadlock that
has occurred in your application. When attempting to debug these deadlock
scenarios, the CL command WRKJOB, option 20 will show the thread as in a
condition wait. Displaying the call stack will show that the function <strong>
deadlockOnAlreadyHeldMutex</strong> or <strong>
timedDeadlockOnAlreadyHeldMutex</strong> is in the call stack.</p>
<p>In order to change these behaviors, use an errorcheck or ownerterm mutex
type.</p>
<br>
<h3>Authorities and Locks</h3>
<p>None.</p>
<br>
<h3>Parameters</h3>
<dl>
<dt><strong>mutex</strong></dt>
<dd>(Input) The address of the mutex to lock</dd>
</dl>
<br>
<h3>Return Value</h3>
<dl>
<dt><strong>0</strong></dt>
<dd><strong>pthread_mutex_timedlock_np</strong>() was successful.</dd>
<dt><strong>value</strong></dt>
<dd><strong>pthread_mutex_timedlock_np</strong>() was not successful. <em>
value</em> is set to indicate the error condition.</dd>
</dl>
<br>
<h3>Error Conditions</h3>
<p>If <strong>pthread_mutex_timedlock_np</strong>() was not successful, the
error condition returned usually indicates one of the following errors. Under
some conditions, the value returned could indicate an error other than those
listed here.</p>
<dl>
<dt><em>[EINVAL]</em></dt>
<dd><p>The value specified for the argument is not correct.</p></dd>
<dt><em>[EDESTROYED]</em></dt>
<dd><p>While waiting for the mutex lock to be satisfied, the mutex was
destroyed.</p></dd>
<dt><em>[EBUSY]</em></dt>
<dd><p>The attempt to lock the mutex timed out because the mutex was already
locked.</p></dd>
<dt><em>[EOWNERTERM]</em></dt>
<dd><p>A thread terminated holding the mutex, and the mutex is an ownerterm mutex
type.</p></dd>
<dt><em>[EDEADLK]</em></dt>
<dd><p>A thread attempted to relock an already held mutex, and the mutex is an
errorcheck mutex type.</p></dd>
<dt><em>[ERECURSE]</em></dt>
<dd><p>The recursive mutex cannot be recursively locked again.</p></dd>
</dl>
<br>
<h3>Related Information</h3>
<ul>
<li>The &lt;<strong>pthread.h</strong>&gt; header file. See <a href=
"rzah4hed.htm">Header files for Pthread functions</a>.<br><br></li>
<li><a href="users_60.htm">pthread_mutex_destroy()</a>--Destroy Mutex<br><br></li>
<li><a href="users_61.htm">pthread_mutex_init()</a>--Initialize Mutex<br><br></li>
<li><a href="users_62.htm">pthread_mutex_lock()</a>--Lock Mutex<br><br></li>
<li><a href="users_64.htm">pthread_mutex_trylock()</a>--Lock Mutex with No
Wait<br><br></li>
<li><a href="users_65.htm">pthread_mutex_unlock()</a>--Unlock Mutex</li>
</ul>
<br>
<h3>Example</h3>
<p>See <a href="../apiref/aboutapis.htm#codedisclaimer">Code disclaimer information</a>
for information pertaining to code examples.</p>
<pre>
#define _MULTI_THREADED
#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;
#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
#include "check.h"
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
void *threadFunc(void *parm)
{
int rc;
int i;
struct timespec deltatime;
deltatime.tv_sec = 5;
deltatime.tv_nsec = 0;
printf("Timed lock the mutex from a secondary thread\n");
rc = pthread_mutex_timedlock_np(&amp;mutex, &amp;deltatime);
if (rc != EBUSY) {
printf("Got an incorrect return code from pthread_mutex_timedlock_np\n");
}
printf("Thread mutex timeout\n");
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int rc=0;
pthread_t thread;
printf("Enter Testcase - %s\n", argv[0]);
printf("Acquire the mutex in the initial thread\n");
rc = pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;mutex);
checkResults("pthread_mutex_lock()\n", rc),
printf("Create a thread\n");
rc = pthread_create(&amp;thread, NULL, threadFunc, NULL);
checkResults("pthread_create()\n", rc);
printf("Join to the thread\n");
rc = pthread_join(thread, NULL);
checkResults("pthread_join()\n", rc);
printf("Destroy mutex\n");
pthread_mutex_destroy(&amp;mutex);
printf("Main completed\n");
return 0;
}
</pre>
<p><strong>Output:</strong></p>
<pre>
Enter Testcase - QP0WTEST/TPMTXTIM0
Acquire the mutex in the initial thread
Create a thread
Join to the thread
Timed lock the mutex from a secondary thread
Thread mutex timeout
Destroy mutex
Main completed
</pre>
<hr>
API introduced: V4R3
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