113 lines
6.5 KiB
HTML
113 lines
6.5 KiB
HTML
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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Define the SQL communications area in COBOL applications that use SQL" />
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<meta name="abstract" content="A COBOL program can be written to use the SQLCA to check return status for embedded SQL statements, or the program can use the SQL diagnostics area to check return status." />
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<meta name="DC.subject" content="application program, SQLCA (SQL communication area), COBOL, SQLCA (SQL communication area), COBOL program, SQLCA, declaring, SQLCODE, declaring, SQLSTATE, declaring, SQLCODE, SQLSTATE" />
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<title>Define the SQL communications area in COBOL applications
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that use SQL</title>
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</head>
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<body id="rzajpsqlcacobol"><a name="rzajpsqlcacobol"><!-- --></a>
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<!-- Java sync-link --><script language="Javascript" src="../rzahg/synch.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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<h1 class="topictitle1">Define the SQL communications area in COBOL applications
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that use SQL</h1>
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<div><p>A COBOL program can be written to use the SQLCA to check return
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status for embedded SQL statements, or the program can use the SQL diagnostics
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area to check return status.</p>
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<div class="section"><p>To use the SQL diagnostics area instead of the SQLCA, use the
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SET OPTION SQL statement with the option SQLCA = *NO. </p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>When using the SQLCA, a COBOL program that contains SQL statements
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must include one or both of the following: </p>
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<ul><li>An SQLCODE variable declared as PICTURE S9(9) BINARY, PICTURE S9(9) COMP-4,
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or PICTURE S9(9) COMP.</li>
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<li>An SQLSTATE variable declared as PICTURE X(5)</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>Or, </p>
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<ul><li>An SQLCA (which contains an SQLCODE and SQLSTATE variable).</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>The SQLCODE and SQLSTATE values are set by the database manager
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after each SQL statement is run. An application can check the SQLCODE or SQLSTATE
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value to determine whether the last SQL statement was successful.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>The SQLCA can be coded in a COBOL program either
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directly or by using the SQL INCLUDE statement. When coding it directly, make
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sure it is initialized. Using the SQL INCLUDE statement requests the inclusion
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of a standard declaration: </p>
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<pre> EXEC SQL <strong>INCLUDE SQLCA</strong> END-EXEC.</pre>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>The SQLCODE, SQLSTATE, and SQLCA variable declarations must appear
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in the WORKING-STORAGE SECTION or LINKAGE SECTION of your program and can
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be placed wherever a record description entry can be specified in those sections.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>When you use the INCLUDE statement, the SQL COBOL precompiler
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includes COBOL source statements for the SQLCA: </p>
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<pre>01 SQLCA.
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05 SQLCAID PIC X(8). VALUE X"0000000000000000".
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05 SQLCABC PIC S9(9) BINARY.
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05 SQLCODE PIC S9(9) BINARY.
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05 SQLERRM.
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49 SQLERRML PIC S9(4) BINARY.
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49 SQLERRMC PIC X(70).
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05 SQLERRP PIC X(8).
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05 SQLERRD OCCURS 6 TIMES
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PIC S9(9) BINARY.
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05 SQLWARN.
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10 SQLWARN0 PIC X.
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10 SQLWARN1 PIC X.
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10 SQLWARN2 PIC X.
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10 SQLWARN3 PIC X.
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10 SQLWARN4 PIC X.
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10 SQLWARN5 PIC X.
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10 SQLWARN6 PIC X.
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10 SQLWARN7 PIC X.
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10 SQLWARN8 PIC X.
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10 SQLWARN9 PIC X.
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10 SQLWARNA PIC X.
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05 SQLSTATE PIC X(5).</pre>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>For ILE COBOL for <span class="keyword">iSeries™</span>,
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the SQLCA is declared using the GLOBAL clause. SQLCODE is replaced with SQLCADE
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when a declare for SQLCODE is found in the program and the SQLCA is provided
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by the precompiler. SQLSTATE is replaced with SQLSTOTE when a declare for
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SQLSTATE is found in the program and the SQLCA is provided by the precompiler.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div class="familylinks">
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<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="rzajpcob.htm" title="This topic describes the unique application and coding requirements for embedding SQL statements in a COBOL program. Requirements for host structures and host variables are defined.">Code SQL statements in COBOL applications</a></div>
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</div>
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<div class="relconcepts"><strong>Related concepts</strong><br />
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<div><a href="rzajpdiagnostics.htm" title="The SQL diagnostics area is used to keep the returned information for an SQL statement that has been run in a program. It contains all the information that is available to you as an application programmer through the SQLCA.">Use the SQL diagnostics area</a></div>
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</div>
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<div class="relinfo"><strong>Related information</strong><br />
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<div><a href="../db2/rbafzmstsqlcca.htm">SQL communication area</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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