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<h1 class="topictitle1">Conversion of character data</h1>
<div><p>The Character Data Representation Architecture (CDRA) system of
tags ensures that you can convert character data in a predictable, repeatable
way.</p>
<p>Conversion pertains to converting the code points assigned to one or more
characters in one code page to their corresponding code points in another
code page. The conversion might cause a single character to map to a sequence
of characters, or a sequence of characters to map to a single character. Conversion
should not be equated to translating from one language to another.</p>
<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Conversion methods</h4><p>The following methods are used
for conversion:</p>
<ul><li><em>Round-trip conversion.</em> The integrity of all character data is maintained
from the source coded character set identifier (CCSID) to the target CCSID
and back to the source. <p>When performing a round-trip conversion, you might
see incorrect representation of the characters displayed in the target CCSID.
The integrity is preserved, however. When the characters are converted back
to the source CCSID, they regain their original hexadecimal values and representation.</p>
</li>
<li><em>Enforced subset match conversion (substitution).</em> Characters that
exist in both the source and target CCSID have their integrity maintained.
Characters in the source CCSID but not in the target CCSID are replaced. Replaced
values are also referred to as substitution characters. For EBCDIC encoding,
these appear on most display stations as a solid block. For ASCII encoding,
these substitution characters appear differently. <p>This substitution is
permanent when converting back to the source CCSID because it is not possible
to retrieve the original hexadecimal values.</p>
<p>For a list of CCSID conversions
that result in substitution characters, see the Default conversion that might
use substitution table.</p>
</li>
<li><em>Linguistic conversion.</em> Also known as best-fit conversion, a partial
mapping is done from the source code page to the target code page. The integrity
of characters that are in both the target CCSID and the source CCSID are preserved.
Characters that are not in the target CCSID are mapped to the most culturally
acceptable alternative for that character. <p>For example, the source CCSID
might support an A grave ( <img src="la140000.gif" alt="A grave character" />). The target CCSID may not support this character. During the conversion,
the most linguistically acceptable character (a Latin capital A) is substituted
for the A grave. After the conversion, characters that are not included in
the target CCSID are presented to the user as the most linguistically acceptable
substitution characters. This substitution is permanent. Any loss of character
integrity is permanent.</p>
<p>Through an application programming interface
(API), linguistic conversion is available from any supported single-byte CCSID
to any other supported single-byte CCSID.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Default conversion that can use substitution</h4><p>The
default CCSID conversions in this topic use substitution because the character
sets within the CCSIDs are different.</p>
<div class="tablenoborder"><table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="" frame="border" border="1" rules="all"><thead align="left"><tr><th valign="top" id="d0e58">From CCSID</th>
<th valign="top" id="d0e60">To CCSID</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00037</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00835, 00939, 00948, 01027,
01043, 05026, 05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00256</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00939, 01027, 05026,
05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00273</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00939, 01027, 05026,
05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00277</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00939, 05026, 05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00278</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00939, 01027, 05026,
05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00280</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00939, 01027, 05026,
05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00284</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00939, 01027, 05026,
05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00285</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00939, 01027, 05026,
05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00290</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00256, 00273, 00277, 00278, 00280, 00284, 00285, 00297, 00500,
00833, 00836, 00850 00871, 00897, 00933, 00935, 00937, 00942, 01041</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00297</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00939, 01027, 05026,
05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00300</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00301</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00301</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00300, 04396</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00420</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">04960</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00437</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00870, 00871, 00880, 01025</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00500</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00367, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00939, 01010,
01011, 01012, 01013, 01014, 01015, 01016, 01017, 01018, 01019, 01027, 05026,
05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00833</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00256, 00273, 00277, 00278, 00280, 00284, 00285, 00290, 00297,
00500, 00836, 00850, 00871, 00930, 00935, 00937, 00939, 00944, 01027, 01040,
05026, 05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00836</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00256, 00273, 00277, 00278, 00280, 00284, 00285, 00290, 00297,
00500, 00833, 00871, 00903, 00930, 00933, 00937, 00939, 00946, 01027, 01042,
01115, 05026, 05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00837</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00928</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00838</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00256, 00273, 00277, 00278, 00280, 00284, 00285, 00297, 00500,
00871, 00937</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00850</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00870, 00880, 00930, 00933, 00939, 01025, 01027, 01041,
05026, 05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00870</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00437, 00880, 00915, 01025, 04951</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00871</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00437, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00939, 01027,
05026, 05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00880</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00437, 00850, 00870, 00912, 00915, 04948, 04951</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00897</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">01027</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00903</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00836</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00912</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00880, 01025</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00915</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00870, 00880</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00930</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00256, 00273, 00277, 00278, 00280, 00284, 00285, 00297, 00500,
00833, 00836, 00850, 00871, 00933, 00935, 00937, 00942, 01041</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00933</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00256, 00273, 00277, 00278, 00280, 00284, 00285, 00290, 00297,
00500, 00836, 00850, 00871, 00930, 00934, 00935, 00937, 00939, 00944, 01027,
01040, 05026, 05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00934</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00933</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00935</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00256, 00277, 00278, 00280, 00284, 00285, 00290, 00297, 00500,
00833, 00871, 00930, 00933, 00936, 00937, 00939, 00946, 01027, 01042, 05026,
05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00936</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00935</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00937</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00836, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00938, 00939, 00948, 01027,
01043, 05026, 05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00938</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00937</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00939</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00256, 00273, 00277, 00278, 00280, 00284, 00285, 00297, 00500,
00833, 00836, 00850, 00871, 00933, 00935, 00937, 00942, 01041</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00942</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00930, 00939, 01027, 05026, 05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00944</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00833, 00933</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00946</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00836, 00935</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">00948</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00937</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01010</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00500</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01011</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00500</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01012</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00500</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01013</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00500</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01014</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00500</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01015</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00500</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01016</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00500</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01017</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00500</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01018</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00500</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01019</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00500</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01025</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00437, 00850, 00870, 00912, 04948</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01027</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00256, 00273, 00277, 00278, 00280, 00284, 00285, 00297, 00500,
00833, 00836, 00850, 00871, 00933, 00935, 00937, 00942, 01041</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01040</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00833, 00933</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01041</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00850, 00930, 00939, 01027, 05026, 05035</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01042</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00836, 00935</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01043</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00937</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01114</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">28709</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">01115</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00836</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">04396</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00301</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">04948</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00880, 01025</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">04951</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00870, 00880</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">04960</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00420</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">05026</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00256, 00273, 00277, 00278, 00280, 00284, 00285, 00297, 00500,
00833, 00836, 00850, 00871, 00933, 00935, 00937, 00942, 01041</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">05035</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00037, 00256, 00273, 00277, 00278, 00280, 00284, 00285, 00297, 00500,
00833, 00836, 00850, 00871, 00933, 00935, 00937, 00942, 01041</td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="top" headers="d0e58 ">28709</td>
<td valign="top" headers="d0e60 ">00290, 00833, 00836, 00838, 00930, 00933, 00935, 00939, 00948, 01027,
01043, 05026, 05035</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="familylinks">
<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="rbagscharrepre.htm" title="Character representation in the server is controlled by the following elements of the Character Data Representation Architecture (CDRA).">Character representation</a></div>
</div>
<div class="relconcepts"><strong>Related concepts</strong><br />
<div><a href="rbagsccsidgenrecom.htm" title="These recommendations are useful when writing globalized applications.">Recommendations and guidelines for using CCSIDs</a></div>
</div>
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