445 lines
15 KiB
HTML
445 lines
15 KiB
HTML
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html
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PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<html lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
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<meta name="security" content="public" />
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<meta name="Robots" content="index,follow" />
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<meta http-equiv="PICS-Label" content='(PICS-1.1 "http://www.icra.org/ratingsv02.html" l gen true r (cz 1 lz 1 nz 1 oz 1 vz 1) "http://www.rsac.org/ratingsv01.html" l gen true r (n 0 s 0 v 0 l 0) "http://www.classify.org/safesurf/" l gen true r (SS~~000 1))' />
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<meta name="DC.Type" content="reference" />
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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Example: Interactive SQL and the equivalent DB2 UDB CLI function calls" />
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<meta name="DC.Relation" scheme="URI" content="rzadphdxmp.htm" />
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<meta name="copyright" content="(C) Copyright IBM Corporation 1999, 2006" />
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<meta name="DC.Rights.Owner" content="(C) Copyright IBM Corporation 1999, 2006" />
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<meta name="DC.Format" content="XHTML" />
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<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="rzadpxminter" />
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<meta name="DC.Language" content="en-us" />
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<!-- All rights reserved. Licensed Materials Property of IBM -->
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<!-- US Government Users Restricted Rights -->
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<!-- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by -->
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<!-- GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. -->
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./ibmdita.css" />
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./ic.css" />
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<title>Example: Interactive SQL and the equivalent DB2 UDB CLI function calls</title>
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</head>
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<body id="rzadpxminter"><a name="rzadpxminter"><!-- --></a>
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<!-- Java sync-link --><script language="Javascript" src="../rzahg/synch.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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<h1 class="topictitle1">Example: Interactive SQL and the equivalent DB2<sup>®</sup> UDB CLI function calls</h1>
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<div><div class="section"><p>This example shows the processing of interactive SQL statements,
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and follows the flow described in <a href="rzadphdovv.htm#rzadphdovv">Write a DB2 UDB CLI application</a>. </p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><div class="note"><span class="notetitle">Note:</span> By using the code examples, you agree to the terms
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of the <a href="codedisclaimer.htm">Code license and disclaimer information</a>.</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><div class="p"> <pre>/*************************************************************************
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** file = typical.c
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**
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** Example of executing interactive SQL statements, displaying result sets
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** and simple transaction management.
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**
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** Functions used:
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**
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** SQLAllocConnect SQLFreeConnect
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** SQLAllocEnv SQLFreeEnv
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** SQLAllocStmt SQLFreeStmt
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** SQLConnect SQLDisconnect
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**
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** SQLBindCol SQLFetch
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** SQLDescribeCol SQLNumResultCols
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** SQLError SQLRowCount
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** SQLExecDirect SQLTransact
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**
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**************************************************************************/
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include "sqlcli.h"
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#define MAX_STMT_LEN 255
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#define MAXCOLS 100
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#define max(a,b) (a > b ? a : b)
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int initialize(SQLHENV *henv,
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SQLHDBC *hdbc);
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int process_stmt(SQLHENV henv,
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SQLHDBC hdbc,
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SQLCHAR *sqlstr);
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int terminate(SQLHENV henv,
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SQLHDBC hdbc);
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int print_error(SQLHENV henv,
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SQLHDBC hdbc,
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SQLHSTMT hstmt);
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int check_error(SQLHENV henv,
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SQLHDBC hdbc,
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SQLHSTMT hstmt,
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SQLRETURN frc);
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void display_results(SQLHSTMT hstmt,
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SQLSMALLINT nresultcols);
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/*******************************************************************
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** main
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** - initialize
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** - start a transaction
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** - get statement
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** - another statement?
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** - COMMIT or ROLLBACK
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** - another transaction?
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** - terminate
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*******************************************************************/
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int main()
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{
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SQLHENV henv;
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SQLHDBC hdbc;
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SQLCHAR sqlstmt[MAX_STMT_LEN + 1]="";
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SQLCHAR sqltrans[sizeof("ROLLBACK")];
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SQLRETURN rc;
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rc = initialize(&henv, &hdbc);
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if (rc == SQL_ERROR) return(terminate(henv, hdbc));
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printf("Enter an SQL statement to start a transaction(or 'q' to Quit):\n");
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gets(sqlstmt);
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while (sqlstmt[0] !='q')
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{
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while (sqlstmt[0] != 'q')
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{ rc = process_stmt(henv, hdbc, sqlstmt);
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if (rc == SQL_ERROR) return(SQL_ERROR);
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printf("Enter an SQL statement(or 'q' to Quit):\n");
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gets(sqlstmt);
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}
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printf("Enter 'c' to COMMIT or 'r' to ROLLBACK the transaction\n");
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fgets(sqltrans, sizeof("ROLLBACK"), stdin);
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if (sqltrans[0] == 'c')
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{
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rc = SQLTransact (henv, hdbc, SQL_COMMIT);
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if (rc == SQL_SUCCESS)
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printf ("Transaction commit was successful\n");
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else
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check_error (henv, hdbc, SQL_NULL_HSTMT, rc);
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}
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if (sqltrans[0] == 'r')
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{
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rc = SQLTransact (henv, hdbc, SQL_ROLLBACK);
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if (rc == SQL_SUCCESS)
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printf ("Transaction roll back was successful\n");
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else
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check_error (henv, hdbc, SQL_NULL_HSTMT, rc);
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}
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printf("Enter an SQL statement to start a transaction or 'q' to quit\n");
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gets(sqlstmt);
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}
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terminate(henv, hdbc);
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return (SQL_SUCCESS);
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}/* end main */
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/*******************************************************************
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** process_stmt
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** - allocates a statement handle
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** - executes the statement
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** - determines the type of statement
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** - if there are no result columns, therefore non-select statement
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** - if rowcount > 0, assume statement was UPDATE, INSERT, DELETE
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** else
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** - assume a DDL, or Grant/Revoke statement
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** else
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** - must be a select statement.
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** - display results
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** - frees the statement handle
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*******************************************************************/
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int process_stmt (SQLHENV henv,
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SQLHDBC hdbc,
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SQLCHAR *sqlstr)
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{
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SQLHSTMT hstmt;
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SQLSMALLINT nresultcols;
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SQLINTEGER rowcount;
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SQLRETURN rc;
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SQLAllocStmt (hdbc, &hstmt); /* allocate a statement handle */
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/* execute the SQL statement in "sqlstr" */
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rc = SQLExecDirect (hstmt, sqlstr, SQL_NTS);
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if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS)
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if (rc == SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND) {
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printf("\nStatement executed without error, however,\n");
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printf("no data was found or modified\n");
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return (SQL_SUCCESS);
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}
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else
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check_error (henv, hdbc, hstmt, rc);
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SQLRowCount (hstmt, &rowcount);
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rc = SQLNumResultCols (hstmt, &nresultcols);
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if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS)
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check_error (henv, hdbc, hstmt, rc);
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/* determine statement type */
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if (nresultcols == 0) /* statement is not a select statement */
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{
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if (rowcount > 0 ) /* assume statement is UPDATE, INSERT, DELETE */
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{
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printf ("Statement executed, %ld rows affected\n", rowcount);
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}
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else /* assume statement is GRANT, REVOKE or a DLL statement */
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{
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printf ("Statement completed successful\n");
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}
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}
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else /* display the result set */
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{
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display_results(hstmt, nresultcols);
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} /* end determine statement type */
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SQLFreeStmt (hstmt, SQL_DROP ); /* free statement handle */
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return (0);
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}/* end process_stmt */
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/*******************************************************************
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** initialize
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** - allocate environment handle
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** - allocate connection handle
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** - prompt for server, user id, & password
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** - connect to server
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*******************************************************************/
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int initialize(SQLHENV *henv,
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SQLHDBC *hdbc)
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{
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SQLCHAR server[18],
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uid[10],
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pwd[10];
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SQLRETURN rc;
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rc = SQLAllocEnv (henv); /* allocate an environment handle */
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if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS )
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check_error (*henv, *hdbc, SQL_NULL_HSTMT, rc);
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rc = SQLAllocConnect (*henv, hdbc); /* allocate a connection handle */
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if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS )
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check_error (*henv, *hdbc, SQL_NULL_HSTMT, rc);
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printf("Enter Server Name:\n");
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gets(server);
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printf("Enter User Name:\n");
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gets(uid);
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printf("Enter Password Name:\n");
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gets(pwd);
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if (uid[0] == '\0')
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{ rc = SQLConnect (*hdbc, server, SQL_NTS, NULL, SQL_NTS, NULL, SQL_NTS);
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if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS )
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check_error (*henv, *hdbc, SQL_NULL_HSTMT, rc);
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}
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else
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{ rc = SQLConnect (*hdbc, server, SQL_NTS, uid, SQL_NTS, pwd, SQL_NTS);
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if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS )
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check_error (*henv, *hdbc, SQL_NULL_HSTMT, rc);
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}
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}/* end initialize */
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/*******************************************************************
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** terminate
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** - disconnect
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** - free connection handle
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** - free environment handle
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*******************************************************************/
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int terminate(SQLHENV henv,
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SQLHDBC hdbc)
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{
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SQLRETURN rc;
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rc = SQLDisconnect (hdbc); /* disconnect from database */
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if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS )
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print_error (henv, hdbc, SQL_NULL_HSTMT);
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rc = SQLFreeConnect (hdbc); /* free connection handle */
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if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS )
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print_error (henv, hdbc, SQL_NULL_HSTMT);
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rc = SQLFreeEnv (henv); /* free environment handle */
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if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS )
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print_error (henv, SQL_NULL_HDBC, SQL_NULL_HSTMT);
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}/* end terminate */
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/*******************************************************************
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** display_results - displays the selected character fields
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**
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** - for each column
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** - get column name
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** - bind column
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** - display column headings
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** - fetch each row
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** - if value truncated, build error message
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** - if column null, set value to "NULL"
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** - display row
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** - print truncation message
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** - free local storage
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**
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*******************************************************************/
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void display_results(SQLHSTMT hstmt,
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SQLSMALLINT nresultcols)
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{
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SQLCHAR colname[32];
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SQLSMALLINT coltype[MAXCOLS];
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SQLSMALLINT colnamelen;
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SQLSMALLINT nullable;
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SQLINTEGER collen[MAXCOLS];
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SQLSMALLINT scale;
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SQLINTEGER outlen[MAXCOLS];
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SQLCHAR * data[MAXCOLS];
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SQLCHAR errmsg[256];
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SQLRETURN rc;
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SQLINTEGER i;
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SQLINTEGER displaysize;
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for (i = 0; i < nresultcols; i++)
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{
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SQLDescribeCol (hstmt, i+1, colname, sizeof (colname),
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&colnamelen, &coltype[i], &collen[i], &scale, &nullable);
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/* get display length for column */
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SQLColAttributes (hstmt, i+1, SQL_DESC_PRECISION, NULL, 0 ,
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NULL, &displaysize);
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/* set column length to max of display length, and column name
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length. Plus one byte for null terminator */
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collen[i] = max(displaysize, collen[i]);
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collen[i] = max(collen[i], strlen((char *) colname) ) + 1;
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printf ("%-*.*s", collen[i], collen[i], colname);
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/* allocate memory to bind column */
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data[i] = (SQLCHAR *) malloc (collen[i]);
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/* bind columns to program vars, converting all types to CHAR */
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SQLBindCol (hstmt, i+1, SQL_C_CHAR, data[i], collen[i], &outlen[i]);
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}
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printf("\n");
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/* display result rows */
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while ((rc = SQLFetch (hstmt)) != SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND)
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{
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errmsg[0] = '\0';
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for (i = 0; i < nresultcols; i++)
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{
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/* Build a truncation message for any columns truncated */
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if (outlen[i] >= collen[i])
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{ sprintf ((char *) errmsg + strlen ((char *) errmsg),
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"%d chars truncated, col %d\n",
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outlen[i]-collen[i]+1, i+1);
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}
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if (outlen[i] == SQL_NULL_DATA)
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printf ("%-*.*s", collen[i], collen[i], "NULL");
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else
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printf ("%-*.*s", collen[i], collen[i], data[i]);
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} /* for all columns in this row */
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printf ("\n%s", errmsg); /* print any truncation messages */
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} /* while rows to fetch */
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/* free data buffers */
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for (i = 0; i < nresultcols; i++)
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{
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free (data[i]);
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}
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}/* end display_results
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/*******************************************************************
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** SUPPORT FUNCTIONS
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** - print_error - call SQLError(), display SQLSTATE and message
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|
|
** - check_error - call print_error
|
||
|
|
** - check severity of Return Code
|
||
|
|
** - rollback & exit if error, continue if warning
|
||
|
|
*******************************************************************/
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/*******************************************************************/
|
||
|
|
int print_error (SQLHENV henv,
|
||
|
|
SQLHDBC hdbc,
|
||
|
|
SQLHSTMT hstmt)
|
||
|
|
{
|
||
|
|
SQLCHAR buffer[SQL_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH + 1];
|
||
|
|
SQLCHAR sqlstate[SQL_SQLSTATE_SIZE + 1];
|
||
|
|
SQLINTEGER sqlcode;
|
||
|
|
SQLSMALLINT length;
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
while ( SQLError(henv, hdbc, hstmt, sqlstate, &sqlcode, buffer,
|
||
|
|
SQL_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH + 1, &length) == SQL_SUCCESS )
|
||
|
|
{
|
||
|
|
printf("\n **** ERROR *****\n");
|
||
|
|
printf(" SQLSTATE: %s\n", sqlstate);
|
||
|
|
printf("Native Error Code: %ld\n", sqlcode);
|
||
|
|
printf("%s \n", buffer);
|
||
|
|
};
|
||
|
|
return;
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/*******************************************************************/
|
||
|
|
int check_error (SQLHENV henv,
|
||
|
|
SQLHDBC hdbc,
|
||
|
|
SQLHSTMT hstmt,
|
||
|
|
SQLRETURN frc)
|
||
|
|
{
|
||
|
|
SQLRETURN rc;
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
print_error(henv, hdbc, hstmt);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
switch (frc){
|
||
|
|
case SQL_SUCCESS : break;
|
||
|
|
case SQL_ERROR :
|
||
|
|
case SQL_INVALID_HANDLE:
|
||
|
|
printf("\n ** FATAL ERROR, Attempting to rollback transaction **\n");
|
||
|
|
rc = SQLTransact(henv, hdbc, SQL_ROLLBACK);
|
||
|
|
if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS)
|
||
|
|
printf("Rollback Failed, Exiting application\n");
|
||
|
|
else
|
||
|
|
printf("Rollback Successful, Exiting application\n");
|
||
|
|
terminate(henv, hdbc);
|
||
|
|
exit(frc);
|
||
|
|
break;
|
||
|
|
case SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO :
|
||
|
|
printf("\n ** Warning Message, application continuing\n");
|
||
|
|
break;
|
||
|
|
case SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND :
|
||
|
|
printf("\n ** No Data Found ** \n");
|
||
|
|
break;
|
||
|
|
default :
|
||
|
|
printf("\n ** Invalid Return Code ** \n");
|
||
|
|
printf(" ** Attempting to rollback transaction **\n");
|
||
|
|
SQLTransact(henv, hdbc, SQL_ROLLBACK);
|
||
|
|
terminate(henv, hdbc);
|
||
|
|
exit(frc);
|
||
|
|
break;
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
return(SQL_SUCCESS);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="familylinks">
|
||
|
|
<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="rzadphdxmp.htm" title="This topic provides complete examples of DB2 UDB CLI applications.">Examples: DB2 UDB CLI applications</a></div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</body>
|
||
|
|
</html>
|