363 lines
19 KiB
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363 lines
19 KiB
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<meta name="DC.Title" content="SQLGetCol - Retrieve one column of a row of the result set" />
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<title>SQLGetCol</title>
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</head>
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<body id="rzadpfngcol"><a name="rzadpfngcol"><!-- --></a>
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<!-- Java sync-link --><script language="Javascript" src="../rzahg/synch.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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<h1 class="topictitle1">SQLGetCol - Retrieve one column of a row of the result set</h1>
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<div><div class="section"></div>
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<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Purpose</h4> <p><samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> retrieves data for a
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single column in the current row of the result set. This is an alternative
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to <samp class="codeph">SQLBindCol()</samp>, which transfers data directly into application
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variables on a call to <samp class="codeph">SQLFetch()</samp>. <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> is
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also used to retrieve large character based data in pieces.</p>
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<p><samp class="codeph">SQLFetch()</samp> must
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be called before <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp>.</p>
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<p>After calling <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> for
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each column, <samp class="codeph">SQLFetch()</samp> is called to retrieve the next row.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Syntax</h4><pre>SQLRETURN SQLGetCol (SQLHSTMT hstmt,
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SQLSMALLINT icol,
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SQLSMALLINT fCType,
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SQLPOINTER rgbValue,
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SQLINTEGER cbValueMax,
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SQLINTEGER *pcbValue);</pre>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Function arguments</h4>
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<div class="tablenoborder"><table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="" width="100%" frame="hsides" border="1" rules="all"><caption>Table 1. SQLGetCol arguments</caption><thead align="left"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" width="20%" id="d0e72">Data type</th>
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<th align="left" valign="top" width="20%" id="d0e74">Argument</th>
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<th align="left" valign="top" width="20%" id="d0e76">Use</th>
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<th align="left" valign="top" width="40%" id="d0e78">Description</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e72 ">SQLHSTMT</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e74 "><em>hstmt</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e76 ">Input</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="40%" headers="d0e78 ">Statement handle.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e72 ">SQLINTEGER *</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e74 "><em>pcbValue</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e76 ">Output</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="40%" headers="d0e78 ">Pointer to the value that indicates the number
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of bytes DB2<sup>®</sup> UDB
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CLI has available to return in the <em>rgbValue</em> buffer. If the data is
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being retrieved in pieces, this contains the number of bytes still remaining,
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excluding any bytes of the column's data that has been obtained from previous
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calls to <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp>. <p>The value is SQL_NULL_DATA if the
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data value of the column is null. If this pointer is NULL and <samp class="codeph">SQLFetch()</samp> has
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obtained a column containing null data, then this function fails because it
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has no means of reporting this.</p>
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<p>If <samp class="codeph">SQLFetch()</samp> has
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fetched a column containing graphic data, then the pointer to <em>pcbValue</em> must
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not be NULL or this function fails because it has no means of informing the
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application about the length of the data retrieved in the <em>rgbValue</em> buffer.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e72 ">SQLINTEGER</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e74 "><em>cbValueMax</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e76 ">Input</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="40%" headers="d0e78 ">Maximum size of the buffer pointed to by <em>rgbValue</em>.
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If <em>fcType</em> is either SQL_DECIMAL or SQL_NUMERIC, <em>cbValueMax</em> must
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be a precision and scale. The method to specify both values is to use (precision
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* 256) + scale. This is also the value returned as the LENGTH of these data
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types when using <samp class="codeph">SQLColAttributes()</samp>. </td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e72 ">SQLPOINTER</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e74 "><em>rgbValue</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e76 ">Output</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="40%" headers="d0e78 ">Pointer to buffer where the retrieved column
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data is to be stored.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e72 ">SQLSMALLINT</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e74 "><em>fCType</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e76 ">Input</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="40%" headers="d0e78 ">Application data type of the column identified
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by <em>icol</em>. The following types are supported: <ul><li>SQL_BIGINT</li>
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<li>SQL_BINARY</li>
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<li>SQL_BLOB</li>
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<li>SQL_CHAR</li>
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<li>SQL_CLOB</li>
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<li>SQL_DATETIME</li>
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<li>SQL_DBCLOB </li>
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<li>SQL_DECIMAL</li>
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<li>SQL_DOUBLE</li>
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<li>SQL_FLOAT</li>
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<li>SQL_GRAPHIC</li>
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<li>SQL_INTEGER</li>
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<li>SQL_NUMERIC</li>
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<li>SQL_REAL</li>
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<li>SQL_SMALLINT</li>
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<li>SQL_TYPE_DATE</li>
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<li>SQL_TYPE_TIME</li>
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<li>SQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP</li>
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<li>SQL_VARBINARY</li>
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<li>SQL_VARCHAR</li>
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<li>SQL_VARGRAPHIC</li>
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</ul>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e72 ">SQLSMALLINT</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e74 "><em>icol</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="20%" headers="d0e76 ">Input</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="40%" headers="d0e78 ">Column number for which the data retrieval
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is requested.</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Usage</h4><div class="p"><samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> can be used with <samp class="codeph">SQLBindCol()</samp> for
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the same row, as long as the value of <em>icol</em> does not specify a column
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that has been bound. The general steps are: <ol><li><samp class="codeph">SQLFetch()</samp> - advances cursor to first row, retrieves
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first row, transfers data for bound columns.</li>
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<li><samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> - transfers data for specified (unbound)
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column.</li>
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<li>Repeat step 2 for each column needed.</li>
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<li><samp class="codeph">SQLFetch()</samp> - advances cursor to next row, retrieves next
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row, transfers data for bound columns.</li>
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<li>Repeat steps 2, 3 and 4 for each row in the result set, or until the result
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set is no longer needed.</li>
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</ol>
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</div>
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<p><samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> retrieves long columns if the C
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data type (<em>fCType</em>) is SQL_CHAR or if <em>fCType</em> is SQL_DEFAULT and
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the column type is CHAR or VARCHAR.</p>
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<p>On each <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> call,
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if the data available for return is greater than or equal to <em>cbValueMax</em>,
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truncation occurs. A function return code of SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO that is
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coupled with an SQLSTATE that denotes data truncation indicates truncation.
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The application can call <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> again, with the same <em>icol</em> value,
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to obtain later data from the same unbound column starting at the point of
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truncation. To obtain the entire column, the application repeats such calls
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until the function returns SQL_SUCCESS. The next call to <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> returns
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SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND.</p>
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<p>To discard the column data part way through the
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retrieval, the application can call <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> with <em>icol</em> set
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to the next column position of interest. To discard unretrieved data for the
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entire row, the application should call <samp class="codeph">SQLFetch()</samp> to advance
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the cursor to the next row; or, if it is not interested in any more data from
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the result set, call <samp class="codeph">SQLFreeStmt()</samp> to close the cursor.</p>
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<p>The <em>fCType</em> input
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argument determines the type of data conversion (if any) needed before the
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column data is placed into the storage area pointed to by <em>rgbValue</em>.</p>
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<p>The
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contents returned in rgbValue is always null-terminated unless <samp class="codeph">SQLSetEnvAttr()</samp> is
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used to change the SQL_ATTR_OUTPUT_NTS attribute or if the application is
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retrieving the data in multiple chunks. If the application is retrieving the
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data in multiple chunks, the null-terminating byte is only added to the last
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portion of data. </p>
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<p>Truncation of numeric data types is not reported
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if the truncation involves digits to the right of the decimal point. If truncation
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occurs to the left of the decimal point, an error is returned (refer to the
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diagnostics section).</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Return codes</h4><ul><li>SQL_SUCCESS</li>
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<li>SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO</li>
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<li>SQL_ERROR</li>
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<li>SQL_INVALID_HANDLE</li>
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<li>SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND</li>
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</ul>
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<p>SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND is returned when the preceding <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> call
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has retrieved all of the data for this column.</p>
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<p>SQL_SUCCESS is returned
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if a zero-length string is retrieved by <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp>. If this
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is the case, <em>pcbValue</em> contains 0, and <em>rgbValue</em> contains a null
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terminator.</p>
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<p>If the preceding call to <samp class="codeph">SQLFetch()</samp> fails, <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> should
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not be called because the result is undefined.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Diagnostics</h4>
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<div class="tablenoborder"><table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="" width="100%" frame="hsides" border="1" rules="rows"><caption>Table 2. SQLGetCol SQLSTATEs</caption><thead align="left"><tr><th align="left" valign="top" width="25%" id="d0e374">SQLSTATE</th>
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<th align="left" valign="top" width="25%" id="d0e376">Description</th>
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<th align="left" valign="top" width="50%" id="d0e378">Explanation</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e374 "><strong>07</strong>006</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e376 ">Restricted data type attribute violation</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="50%" headers="d0e378 ">The data value cannot be converted to the
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C data type specified by the argument <em>fCType</em>.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e374 "><strong>HY</strong>001</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e376 ">Memory allocation failure</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="50%" headers="d0e378 ">The driver is unable to allocate memory required
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to support the processing or completion of the function.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e374 "><strong>HY</strong>009</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e376 ">Argument value that is not valid</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="50%" headers="d0e378 ">The value of the argument <em>cbValueMax</em> is
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less than 1 and the argument <em>fCType</em> is SQL_CHAR. <p>The specified
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column number is not valid.</p>
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<p>The argument <em>rgbValue</em> or <em>pcbValue</em> is
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a null pointer.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e374 "><strong>HY</strong>010</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e376 ">Function sequence error</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="50%" headers="d0e378 ">The specified <em>hstmt</em> is not in a cursor
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positioned state. The function is called without first calling <samp class="codeph">SQLFetch()</samp>.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e374 "><strong>HY</strong>013 <strong>*</strong></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e376 ">Memory management problem</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="50%" headers="d0e378 ">The driver is unable to access memory required
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to support the processing or completion of the function.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e374 "><strong>HY</strong>021</td>
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<td valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e376 ">Internal descriptor that is not valid </td>
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<td valign="top" width="50%" headers="d0e378 ">The internal descriptor cannot be addressed or allocated,
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or it contains a value that is not valid.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e374 "><strong>HY</strong>C00</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="25%" headers="d0e376 ">Driver not capable</td>
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<td align="left" valign="top" width="50%" headers="d0e378 ">The SQL data type for the specified data
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type is recognized but not supported by the driver. <p>The requested conversion
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from the SQL data type to the application data <em>fCType</em> cannot be performed
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by the driver or the data source.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Restrictions</h4><p>ODBC requires that <em>icol</em> not
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specify a column of a lower number than the column last retrieved by <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> for
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the same row on the same statement handle. ODBC also does not permit the use
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of <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp> to retrieve data for a column that resides
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before the last bound column, (if any columns in the row have been bound).</p>
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<p>DB2 UDB
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CLI has relaxed both of these rules by allowing the value of <em>icol</em> to
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be specified in any order and before a bound column, provided that <em>icol</em> does
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not specify a bound column.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Example</h4></div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="example" id="rzadpfngcol__xmgdata"><a name="rzadpfngcol__xmgdata"><!-- --></a><p>Refer to the example in the <a href="rzadpfnfetch.htm">SQLFetch - Fetch next row</a> for a comparison between using bound columns
|
||
|
|
and using <samp class="codeph">SQLGetCol()</samp>.</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="p">Refer to <a href="rzadpxminter.htm#rzadpxminter">Example: Interactive SQL and the equivalent DB2 UDB CLI function calls</a> for
|
||
|
|
a listing of the <samp class="codeph">check_error, initialize, and terminate</samp> functions
|
||
|
|
used in the following example. <div class="note"><span class="notetitle">Note:</span> By using the code examples, you agree
|
||
|
|
to the terms of the <a href="codedisclaimer.htm">Code license and disclaimer information</a>.</div>
|
||
|
|
<pre>/*************************************************************************
|
||
|
|
** file = getcol.c
|
||
|
|
**
|
||
|
|
** Example of directly executing an SQL statement.
|
||
|
|
** Getcol is used to retrieve information from the result set.
|
||
|
|
** Compare to fetch.c
|
||
|
|
**
|
||
|
|
** Functions used:
|
||
|
|
**
|
||
|
|
** SQLAllocConnect SQLFreeConnect
|
||
|
|
** SQLAllocEnv SQLFreeEnv
|
||
|
|
** SQLAllocStmt SQLFreeStmt
|
||
|
|
** SQLConnect SQLDisconnect
|
||
|
|
**
|
||
|
|
** SQLBindCol SQLFetch
|
||
|
|
** SQLTransact SQLError
|
||
|
|
** SQLExecDirect SQLGetCursor
|
||
|
|
**************************************************************************/
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
#include <stdio.h>
|
||
|
|
#include <string.h>
|
||
|
|
#include "sqlcli.h"
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
#define MAX_STMT_LEN 255
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
int initialize(SQLHENV *henv,
|
||
|
|
SQLHDBC *hdbc);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
int terminate(SQLHENV henv,
|
||
|
|
SQLHDBC hdbc);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
int print_error (SQLHENV henv,
|
||
|
|
SQLHDBC hdbc,
|
||
|
|
SQLHSTMT hstmt);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
int check_error (SQLHENV henv,
|
||
|
|
SQLHDBC hdbc,
|
||
|
|
SQLHSTMT hstmt,
|
||
|
|
SQLRETURN frc);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/*******************************************************************
|
||
|
|
** main
|
||
|
|
** - initialize
|
||
|
|
** - terminate
|
||
|
|
*******************************************************************/
|
||
|
|
int main()
|
||
|
|
{
|
||
|
|
SQLHENV henv;
|
||
|
|
SQLHDBC hdbc;
|
||
|
|
SQLCHAR sqlstmt[MAX_STMT_LEN + 1]="";
|
||
|
|
SQLRETURN rc;
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
rc = initialize(&henv, &hdbc);
|
||
|
|
if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS) return(terminate(henv, hdbc));
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
{SQLHSTMT hstmt;
|
||
|
|
SQLCHAR sqlstmt[]="SELECT deptname, location from org where division = 'Eastern'";
|
||
|
|
SQLCHAR deptname[15],
|
||
|
|
location[14];
|
||
|
|
SQLINTEGER rlength;
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
rc = SQLAllocStmt(hdbc, &hstmt);
|
||
|
|
if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS )
|
||
|
|
check_error (henv, hdbc, SQL_NULL_HSTMT, rc);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
rc = SQLExecDirect(hstmt, sqlstmt, SQL_NTS);
|
||
|
|
if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS )
|
||
|
|
check_error (henv, hdbc, hstmt, rc);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
printf("Departments in Eastern division:\n");
|
||
|
|
printf("DEPTNAME Location\n");
|
||
|
|
printf("-------------- -------------\n");
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
while ((rc = SQLFetch(hstmt)) == SQL_SUCCESS)
|
||
|
|
{
|
||
|
|
rc = SQLGetCol(hstmt, 1, SQL_CHAR, (SQLPOINTER) deptname, 15, &rlength);
|
||
|
|
rc = SQLGetCol(hstmt, 2, SQL_CHAR, (SQLPOINTER) location, 14, &rlength);
|
||
|
|
printf("%-14.14s %-13.13s \n", deptname, location);
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
if (rc != SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND )
|
||
|
|
check_error (henv, hdbc, hstmt, rc);
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
rc = SQLTransact(henv, hdbc, SQL_COMMIT);
|
||
|
|
if (rc != SQL_SUCCESS )
|
||
|
|
check_error (henv, hdbc, SQL_NULL_HSTMT, rc);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
terminate(henv, hdbc);
|
||
|
|
return (SQL_SUCCESS);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
}/* end main */</pre>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">References</h4><ul><li><a href="rzadpfnbindc.htm#rzadpfnbindc">SQLBindCol - Bind a column to an application variable</a></li>
|
||
|
|
<li><a href="rzadpfnfetch.htm#rzadpfnfetch">SQLFetch - Fetch next row</a></li>
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="familylinks">
|
||
|
|
<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="rzadphdapi.htm" title="This topic provides a description of each CLI function.">DB2 UDB CLI functions</a></div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</body>
|
||
|
|
</html>
|