525 lines
14 KiB
HTML
525 lines
14 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<meta name="Copyright" content="Copyright (c) 2006 by IBM Corporation">
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<title>Using _XOPEN_SOURCE for UNIX 98 Compatibility</title>
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<!-- Begin Header Records -->
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<!-- All rights reserved. Licensed Materials Property of IBM -->
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<!-- US Government Users Restricted Rights -->
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<!-- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by -->
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<!-- GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. -->
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<!-- Change History: -->
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<!-- YYMMDD USERID Change description -->
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<!-- End Header Records -->
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../rzahg/ic.css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<a name="Top_Of_Page"></a>
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<!--Java sync-link-->
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<script type="text/javascript" language="Javascript" src="../rzahg/synch.js">
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</script>
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<h2>Using _XOPEN_SOURCE for UNIX 98 Compatibility</h2>
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<p>There are two versions of most sockets APIs. The base i5/OS<SUP>(TM)</SUP> API uses BSD
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4.3 structures and syntax. The other uses syntax and structures compatible with
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BSD 4.4 and the UNIX 98 programming interface specifications. You can select
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the UNIX 98 compatible interface by defining the <strong>_XOPEN_SOURCE</strong>
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macro to a value of 520 or greater.</p>
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<p>When you develop in C-based languages and an application is compiled with
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the _XOPEN_SOURCE macro defined to the value 520 or greater, some sockets APIs
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are mapped to internal names, as shown in the following table:</p>
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<table border cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="50%">
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<tr align="center">
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<th valign="middle" align="center">Mapped name</th>
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<th valign="middle" align="center">Internal name</th>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">accept()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_accept98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">accept_and_recv()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_accept_and_recv98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">bind()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_bind98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">connect()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_connect98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">endhostent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_endhostent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">endnetent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_endnetent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">endprotoent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_endprotoent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">endservent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_endservent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getaddrinfo()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getaddrinfo98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">gethostbyaddr()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_gethostbyaddr98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">gethostbyaddr_r()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_gethostbyaddr_r98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">gethostname()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_gethostname98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">gethostname_r()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_gethostname_r98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">gethostbyname()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_gethostbyname98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">gethostent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_gethostent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getnameinfo()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getnameinfo98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getnetbyaddr()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getnetbyaddr98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getnetbyname()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getnetbyname98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getnetent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getnetent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getpeername()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getpeername98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getprotobyname()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getprotobyname98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getprotobynumber()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getprotobynumber98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getprotoent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getprotoent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getsockname()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getsockname98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getsockopt()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getsockopt98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getservbyname()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getservbyname98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getservbyport()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getservbyport98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">getservent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_getservent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">inet_addr()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_inet_addr98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">inet_lnaof()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_inet_lnaof98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">inet_makeaddr()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_inet_makeaddr98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">inet_netof()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_inet_netof98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">inet_network()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_inet_network98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">listen()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_listen98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">Rbind()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_Rbind98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">recv()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_recv98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">recvfrom98()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_recvfrom98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">recvmsg()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_recvmsg98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">send()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_send98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">sendmsg()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_sendmsg98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">sendto()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_sendto98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">sethostent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_sethostent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">setnetent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_setnetent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">setprotoent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_setprotoent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">setservent()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_setprotoent98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">setsockopt()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_setsockopt98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">shutdown()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_shutdown98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">socket()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_socket98()</td>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="center">socketpair()</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="center">qso_socketpair98()</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p>Application not using C-based languages can use the internal names if
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necessary.</p>
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<p>Using <strong>_XOPEN_SOURCE</strong> also changes some of the structures
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used by sockets to match BSD 4.4/UNIX 98 standards. The differences are
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summarized in the following table:</p>
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<table border cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="80%">
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<tr align="center">
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<th valign="middle" align="center"><strong>BSD 4.3 structure</strong></th>
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<th valign="middle" align="center"><strong>BSD 4.4/UNIX 98 compatible structure</strong></th>
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</tr>
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<tr align="center">
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<td valign="middle" align="left">
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<pre>
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typedef int socklen_t;
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<strong>typedef unsigned short sa_family_t;</strong>
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struct sockaddr {
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u_short sa_family;
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char sa_data[14];
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};
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struct sockaddr_un {
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short sun_family;
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char sun_path[126];
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};
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struct sockaddr_in {
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short sin_family;
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u_short sin_port;
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struct in_addr sin_addr;
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char sin_zero[8];
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};
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struct sockaddr_in6 {
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sa_family_t sin6_family;
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in_port_t sin6_port;
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uint32_t sin6_flowinfo;
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struct in6_addr sin6_addr;
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uint32_t sin6_scope_id;
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};
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</pre>
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</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">
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<pre>
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typedef int socklen_t;
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<strong>typedef uchar sa_family_t;</strong>
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struct sockaddr {
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<strong>uint8_t sa_len;</strong>
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<strong>sa_family_t</strong> sa_family;
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char sa_data[14];
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};
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struct sockaddr_un {
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<strong> uint8_t sun_len;
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sa_family_t</strong> sun_family;
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char sun_path[126];
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};
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struct sockaddr_in {
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<strong> uint8_t sin_len;
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sa_family_t</strong> sin_family;
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u_short sin_port;
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struct in_addr sin_addr;
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char sin_zero[8];
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};
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struct sockaddr_in6 {
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||
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|
<strong> uint8_t sin6_len; </strong>
|
||
|
|
sa_family_t sin6_family;
|
||
|
|
in_port_t sin6_port;
|
||
|
|
uint32_t sin6_flowinfo;
|
||
|
|
struct in6_addr sin6_addr;
|
||
|
|
uint32_t sin6_scope_id;
|
||
|
|
};
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<tr align="center">
|
||
|
|
<td valign="middle" align="left">
|
||
|
|
<pre>
|
||
|
|
struct msghdr {
|
||
|
|
caddr_t msg_name;
|
||
|
|
int msg_namelen;
|
||
|
|
struct iovec *msg_iov;
|
||
|
|
int msg_iovlen;
|
||
|
|
caddr_t msg_accrights;
|
||
|
|
int msg_accrightslen;
|
||
|
|
};
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td valign="middle" align="left">
|
||
|
|
<pre>
|
||
|
|
struct msghdr {
|
||
|
|
<strong>void</strong> *msg_name;
|
||
|
|
<strong>socklen_t</strong> msg_namelen;
|
||
|
|
struct iovec *msg_iov;
|
||
|
|
int msg_iovlen;
|
||
|
|
<strong>void *msg_control;
|
||
|
|
socklen_t msg_controllen;
|
||
|
|
int msg_flags;</strong>
|
||
|
|
};
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<tr align="center">
|
||
|
|
<td valign="middle" align="left">
|
||
|
|
<pre>
|
||
|
|
(no equivalent)
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td valign="middle" align="left">
|
||
|
|
<pre>
|
||
|
|
<strong>struct cmsghdr {
|
||
|
|
socklen_t cmsg_len;
|
||
|
|
int cmsg_level;
|
||
|
|
int cmsg_type;
|
||
|
|
};</strong>
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<tr align="center">
|
||
|
|
<td valign="middle" align="left">
|
||
|
|
<pre>
|
||
|
|
#define _SS_MAXSIZE 304
|
||
|
|
#define _SS_ALIGNSIZE (sizeof (char*))
|
||
|
|
#define _SS_PAD1SIZE (_SS_ALIGNSIZE -
|
||
|
|
sizeof(sa_family_t))
|
||
|
|
#define _SS_PAD2SIZE (_SS_MAXSIZE -
|
||
|
|
(sizeof(sa_family_t) +
|
||
|
|
_SS_PAD1SIZE +
|
||
|
|
_SS_ALIGNSIZE))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
struct sockaddr_storage {
|
||
|
|
sa_family_t ss_family;
|
||
|
|
char _ss_pad1[_SS_PAD1SIZE];
|
||
|
|
char* _ss_align;
|
||
|
|
char _ss_pad2[_SS_PAD2SIZE];
|
||
|
|
};
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td valign="middle" align="left">
|
||
|
|
<pre>
|
||
|
|
#define _SS_MAXSIZE 304
|
||
|
|
#define _SS_ALIGNSIZE (sizeof (char*))
|
||
|
|
#define _SS_PAD1SIZE (_SS_ALIGNSIZE - (<strong>sizeof(uint8_t) +
|
||
|
|
</strong> sizeof(sa_family_t)))
|
||
|
|
#define _SS_PAD2SIZE (_SS_MAXSIZE - (<strong>sizeof(uint8_t) +
|
||
|
|
</strong> sizeof(sa_family_t) +
|
||
|
|
_SS_PAD1SIZE + _SS_ALIGNSIZE))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
struct sockaddr_storage {
|
||
|
|
<strong> uint8_t ss_len;
|
||
|
|
</strong>
|
||
|
|
sa_family_t ss_family;
|
||
|
|
char _ss_pad1[_SS_PAD1SIZE];
|
||
|
|
char* _ss_align;
|
||
|
|
char _ss_pad2[_SS_PAD2SIZE];
|
||
|
|
};
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<tr align="center">
|
||
|
|
<td valign="middle" align="left">
|
||
|
|
<pre>
|
||
|
|
(no equivalent)
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
<td valign="middle" align="left">
|
||
|
|
<pre>
|
||
|
|
<strong>typedef int in_addr_t;
|
||
|
|
typedef unsigned short in_port_t;
|
||
|
|
</strong>
|
||
|
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
</td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<h3>Usage Notes</h3>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ol>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li>The <strong>struct sockaddr</strong> length field (<strong>sa_len</strong>
|
||
|
|
and the address family specific equivalents: <strong>sun_len</strong>,
|
||
|
|
<strong>sin_len</strong>, and <strong>sin6_len</strong>) is only provided for
|
||
|
|
BSD 4.4 compatibility. It is not necessary to use this field even when using
|
||
|
|
BSD 4.4/UNIX 98 compatibility. The field is ignored on input addresses (like
|
||
|
|
the local_address parameter on bind()) and will be properly set on output
|
||
|
|
addresses (like the address parameter on accept()).<br><br></li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li>
|
||
|
|
The AF_UNIX_CCSID address <strong>sockaddr_unc</strong> has not been updated with
|
||
|
|
a length field equivalent to <strong>sa_len</strong>. If you use
|
||
|
|
<strong>sa_len</strong> to set a length on this address, it will be ignored
|
||
|
|
on input addresses and set to zero on output addresses.<br><br></li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li>The structure <strong>sockaddr_storage</strong> is used to declare storage
|
||
|
|
for any address family address. This structure is large enough and aligned for
|
||
|
|
any protocol-specific structure. It may then be cast as
|
||
|
|
<strong>sockaddr</strong> structure for use on the APIs. The
|
||
|
|
<strong>ss_family</strong> field of the <strong>sockaddr_storage</strong> will
|
||
|
|
always align with the family field of any protocol-specific structure.<br>
|
||
|
|
<br>
|
||
|
|
<strong>Note:</strong> The storage allocated is larger than 255 bytes so it's
|
||
|
|
size should not be used for <strong>sa_len</strong>. The actual
|
||
|
|
protocol-specific structure size should be used instead.</li>
|
||
|
|
</ol>
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
<table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" align="center">
|
||
|
|
<tr align="center">
|
||
|
|
<td valign="middle" align="center"><a href="#Top_Of_Page">Top</a> |
|
||
|
|
<a href="unix.htm">UNIX-Type APIs</a> |
|
||
|
|
<a href="aplist.htm">APIs by category</a> </td>
|
||
|
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</body>
|
||
|
|
</html>
|
||
|
|
|