81 lines
5.2 KiB
HTML
81 lines
5.2 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html
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PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<meta name="DC.Type" content="reference" />
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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Static SELECT statements" />
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<meta name="abstract" content="For a static SELECT statement (one embedded in an SQL program), an INTO clause must be specified before the FROM clause." />
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<meta name="description" content="For a static SELECT statement (one embedded in an SQL program), an INTO clause must be specified before the FROM clause." />
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<meta name="DC.subject" content="SELECT INTO statement, DECLARE CURSOR statement, using, statements, DECLARE CURSOR" />
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<meta name="keywords" content="SELECT INTO statement, DECLARE CURSOR statement, using, statements, DECLARE CURSOR" />
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<title>Static SELECT statements</title>
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</head>
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<body id="rbafycolum"><a name="rbafycolum"><!-- --></a>
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<!-- Java sync-link --><script language="Javascript" src="../rzahg/synch.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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<h1 class="topictitle1">Static SELECT statements</h1>
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<div><p>For a static SELECT statement (one embedded in an SQL program),
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an INTO clause must be specified before the FROM clause.</p>
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<div class="section"><p>The INTO clause names the host variables (variables in your program
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used to contain retrieved column values). The value of the first result column
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specified in the SELECT clause is put into the first host variable named in
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the INTO clause; the second value is put into the second host variable, and
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so on.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>The result table for a SELECT INTO should contain just one row.
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For example, each row in the CORPDATA.EMPLOYEE table has a unique EMPNO (employee
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number) column. The result of a SELECT INTO statement for this table if the
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WHERE clause contains an equal comparison on the EMPNO column, will be exactly
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one row (or no rows). Finding more than one row is an error, but one row is
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still returned. You can control which row will be returned in this error condition
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by specifying the ORDER BY clause. If you use the ORDER BY clause, the first
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row in the result table is returned.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>If you want more than one row to be the result of a SELECT INTO
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statement, use a DECLARE CURSOR statement to select the rows, followed by
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a FETCH statement to move the column values into host variables one or many
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rows at a time. </p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>When using the select-statement in an application program, list
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the column names to give your program more data independence. There are two
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reasons for this: </p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"> <ol><li>When you look at the source code statement, you can easily see the one-to-one
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correspondence between the column names in the SELECT clause and the host
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variables named in the INTO clause.</li>
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<li>If a column is added to a table or view you access and you use <span class="q">"SELECT
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* ...,"</span> and you create the program again from source, the INTO clause does
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not have a matching host variable named for the new column. The extra column
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causes you to get a warning (not an error) in the SQLCA (SQLWARN3 will contain
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a <span class="q">"W"</span>). When using the GET DIAGNOSTICS statement, the RETURNED_SQLSTATE
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item will have a value of '01503'.</li>
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</ol>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div class="familylinks">
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<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="rbafytexas.htm" title="Learn a variety of ways of tailoring your query to gather data using the SELECT statement. One way to do this is to use the SELECT statement in a program to retrieve a specific row (for example, the row for an employee). Furthermore, you can use clauses to gather data in a specific way.">Retrieve data using the SELECT statement</a></div>
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</div>
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<div class="relref"><strong>Related reference</strong><br />
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<div><a href="rbafycurs.htm" title="When SQL runs a select statement, the resulting rows comprise the result table. A cursor provides a way to access a result table.">Use a cursor</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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