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<title>Define SQL descriptor areas in COBOL applications that use SQL</title>
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<body id="rzajpsqldacobol"><a name="rzajpsqldacobol"><!-- --></a>
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<!-- Java sync-link --><script language="Javascript" src="../rzahg/synch.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
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<h1 class="topictitle1">Define SQL descriptor areas in COBOL applications that use SQL</h1>
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<div><p><span><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />There are two types of SQL descriptor areas.
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One is defined with the ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR statement. The other is defined
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using the SQLDA structure. In this topic, only the SQLDA form is discussed.<img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></span></p>
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<div class="section"><p><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />The following statements can use an SQLDA:<img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></p>
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<ul><li>EXECUTE…USING DESCRIPTOR <span class="synph"><span class="var">descriptor-name</span></span></li>
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<li>FETCH…USING DESCRIPTOR <span class="synph"><span class="var">descriptor-name</span></span></li>
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<li>OPEN…USING DESCRIPTOR <span class="synph"><span class="var">descriptor-name</span></span></li>
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<li>CALL…USING DESCRIPTOR <span class="synph"><span class="var">descriptor-name</span></span></li>
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<li>DESCRIBE <span class="synph"><span class="var">statement-name</span></span> INTO <span class="synph"><span class="var">descriptor-name</span></span></li>
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<li><img src="./delta.gif" alt="Start of change" />DESCRIBE INPUT <span class="synph"><span class="var">statement-name</span></span> INTO <span class="synph"><span class="var">descriptor-name</span></span><img src="./deltaend.gif" alt="End of change" /></li>
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<li>DESCRIBE TABLE <span class="synph"><span class="var">host-variable</span></span> INTO <span class="synph"><span class="var">descriptor-name</span></span></li>
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<li>PREPARE <span class="synph"><span class="var">statement-name</span></span> INTO <span class="synph"><span class="var">descriptor-name</span></span></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>Unlike the SQLCA, there can be more than one SQLDA in a program.
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The SQLDA can have any valid name. An SQLDA can be coded in a COBOL program
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directly or added with the INCLUDE statement. Using the SQL INCLUDE statement
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requests the inclusion of a standard SQLDA declaration: </p>
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<pre>EXEC SQL <strong>INCLUDE SQLDA</strong> END-EXEC.</pre>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>The COBOL declarations included for the SQLDA are:</p>
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</div>
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<div class="example"> <div class="fignone"><span class="figcap">Figure 1. INCLUDE SQLDA declarations for COBOL</span><pre>1 SQLDA.
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05 SQLDAID PIC X(8).
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05 SQLDABC PIC S9(9) BINARY.
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05 SQLN PIC S9(4) BINARY.
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05 SQLD PIC S9(4) BINARY.
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05 SQLVAR OCCURS 0 TO 409 TIMES DEPENDING ON SQLD.
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10 SQLTYPE PIC S9(4) BINARY.
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10 SQLLEN PIC S9(4) BINARY.
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10 FILLER REDEFINES SQLLEN.
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15 SQLPRECISION PIC X.
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15 SQLSCALE PIC X.
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10 SQLRES PIC X(12).
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10 SQLDATA POINTER.
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10 SQLIND POINTER.
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10 SQLNAME.
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49 SQLNAMEL PIC S9(4) BINARY.
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49 SQLNAMEC PIC X(30).</pre>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>SQLDA declarations must appear in the WORKING-STORAGE SECTION
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or LINKAGE SECTION of your program and can be placed wherever a record description
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entry can be specified in those sections. For ILE COBOL for <span class="keyword">iSeries™</span>,
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the SQLDA is declared using the GLOBAL clause.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section"><p>Dynamic SQL is an advanced programming technique. With
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dynamic SQL, your program can develop and then run SQL statements while the
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program is running. A SELECT statement with a variable SELECT list (that is,
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a list of the data to be returned as part of the query) that runs dynamically
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requires an SQL descriptor area (SQLDA). This is because you cannot know in
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advance how many or what type of variables to allocate in order to receive
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the results of the SELECT.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div>
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<div class="familylinks">
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<div class="parentlink"><strong>Parent topic:</strong> <a href="rzajpcob.htm" title="This topic describes the unique application and coding requirements for embedding SQL statements in a COBOL program. Requirements for host structures and host variables are defined.">Code SQL statements in COBOL applications</a></div>
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</div>
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<div class="relinfo"><strong>Related information</strong><br />
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<div><a href="../sqlp/rbafydynmic.htm">Dynamic SQL applications</a></div>
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<div><a href="../db2/rbafzmstsqldda.htm">SQL descriptor area</a></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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