684 lines
18 KiB
HTML
684 lines
18 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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<meta name="Copyright" content="Copyright (c) 2006 by IBM Corporation">
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<title>sendto()--Send Data</title>
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<!-- All rights reserved. Licensed Materials Property of IBM -->
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<!-- US Government Users Restricted Rights -->
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<!-- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by -->
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<!-- GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. -->
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<!-- Begin Header Records ========================================== -->
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<!-- Unix8 SCRIPT J converted by B2H R4.1 (346) (CMS) by V2KEA304 -->
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<!-- at RCHVMW2 on 17 Feb 1999 at 11:05:09 -->
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<!--End Header Records -->
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<!-- Edited by Kersten Feb 02 -->
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../rzahg/ic.css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<a name="Top_Of_Page"></a>
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<!-- Java sync-link -->
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<script type="text/javascript" language="Javascript" src="../rzahg/synch.js">
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</script>
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<h2>sendto()--Send Data</h2>
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<div class="box" style="width: 60%;">
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<br>
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BSD 4.3 Syntax<br>
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<pre>
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <sys/socket.h>
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int sendto(int <em>socket_descriptor</em>,
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char *<em>buffer</em>,
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int <em>buffer_length</em>,
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int <em>flags</em>,
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struct sockaddr *<em>destination_address</em>,
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int <em>address_length</em>)
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</pre>
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<br>
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Service Program Name: QSOSRV1<br>
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<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
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<br>
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Default Public Authority: *USE<br>
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<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
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<br>
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Threadsafe: Yes<br>
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<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
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<br>
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</div>
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<br>
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<div class="box" style="width: 60%;">
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<br>
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<a href="_xopen_source.htm">UNIX 98 Compatible Syntax</a><br>
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<pre>
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#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 520
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#include <sys/socket.h>
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ssize_t sendto(int <em>socket_descriptor</em>,
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const void *<em>buffer</em>,
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size_t <em>buffer_length</em>,
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int <em>flags</em>,
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const struct sockaddr *<em>destination_address</em>,
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socklen_t <em>address_length</em>)
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</pre>
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<br>
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Service Program Name: QSOSRV1<br>
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<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
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<br>
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Default Public Authority: *USE<br>
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<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
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<br>
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Threadsafe: Yes<br>
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<!-- iddvc RMBR -->
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<br>
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</div>
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<p>The <em>sendto()</em> function is used to send data through a connected or
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unconnected socket.</p>
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<p> There are two versions of
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the API, as shown above. The base i5/OS API uses BSD 4.3 structures and
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syntax. The other uses syntax and structures compatible with the UNIX 98
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programming interface specifications. You can select the UNIX 98 compatible
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interface with the <a href="_xopen_source.htm">_XOPEN_SOURCE</a> macro.</p>
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<br>
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<h3>Parameters</h3>
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<dl>
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<dt><strong>socket_descriptor</strong></dt>
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<dd>(Input) The socket descriptor that is to be written to.<br>
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<br>
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>buffer</strong></dt>
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<dd>(Input) The pointer to the buffer in which the data that is to be written
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is stored.<br>
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<br>
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>buffer_length</strong></dt>
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<dd>(Input) The length of the <em>buffer</em>.<br>
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<br>
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>flags</strong></dt>
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<dd>(Input) A flag value that controls the transmission of the data. The
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<em>flags</em> value is either zero, or is obtained by performing an OR
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operation on one or more of the following constants:
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<table cellpadding="5">
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<!-- cols="15 85" -->
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em><samp>MSG_EOR</samp></em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Terminate a record, if supported by the
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protocol.<br>
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<br>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em><samp>MSG_OOB</samp></em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Send data as out-of-band data. Valid only for
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sockets with an address family of <samp>AF_INET</samp> or <samp>AF_INET6</samp> and type <samp>SOCK_STREAM</samp>.<br>
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<br>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em><samp>MSG_DONTROUTE</samp></em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Bypass routing. Valid only for sockets with
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address family of <samp>AF_INET</samp>. It is ignored for other address
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families.</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<br>
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>destination_address</strong></dt>
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<dd>(Input) A pointer to a buffer of type <strong>struct sockaddr</strong> that
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contains the destination address to which the data is to be sent. The structure
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<strong>sockaddr</strong> is defined in <strong><sys/socket.h></strong>.
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<p> The BSD 4.3 structure
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is:</p>
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<pre>
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struct sockaddr {
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u_short sa_family;
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char sa_data[14];
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};
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</pre>
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<p>The BSD 4.4/UNIX 98 compatible structure is:</p>
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<pre>
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typedef uchar sa_family_t;
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struct sockaddr {
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uint8_t sa_len;
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sa_family_t sa_family;
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char sa_data[14];
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};
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</pre>
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<p>The BSD 4.4 <em>sa_len</em> field is the length of the address. The <em>sa_family</em> field identifies
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the address family to which the address belongs, and <em>sa_data</em> is the
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address whose format is dependent on the address family.</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><strong>address_length</strong></dt>
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<dd>(Input) The length of the <em>destination_address</em>.</dd>
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</dl>
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<br>
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<h3>Authorities</h3>
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<p>When the address family of the socket identified by the
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<strong><em>socket_descriptor</em></strong> is AF_INET and is running IP over
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SNA, the thread must have retrieve, insert, delete, and update authority to the
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APPC device. When the thread does not have this level of authority, an
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<em>errno</em> of EACCES is returned.</p>
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<br>
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<h3>Return Value</h3>
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<p><em>sendto()</em> returns an integer. Possible values are:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>-1 (unsuccessful)<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>n (successful), where n is the number of bytes sent.</li>
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</ul>
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<br>
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<h3>Error Conditions</h3>
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<p>When <em>sendto()</em> fails, <em>errno</em> can be set to one of the
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following:</p>
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<table cellpadding="5">
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<!-- cols="20 80" -->
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EACCES]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Permission denied.
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<p>The process does not have the appropriate privileges to the destination
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address.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EADDRNOTAVAIL]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Address not available.
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<p>A socket with an address family of <samp>AF_INET</samp> or <samp>AF_INET6</samp>, is using a connectionless transport
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service, and the socket was not bound. The system tried to bind the socket but
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could not because a port was not available.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EBADF]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Descriptor not valid.<br>
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<br>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[ECONNREFUSED]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">The destination socket refused an attempted
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connect operation.
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<p>This error code can only be returned on sockets that use a connectionless
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transport service.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EDESTADDRREQ]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Operation requires destination address.
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<p>A destination address has not been associated with the socket pointed to by
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the <em>socket_descriptor</em> parameter and a destination address was not
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passed in as an argument on the <em>sendto()</em>. This error code can only be
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returned on sockets that use a connectionless transport service.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EFAULT]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Bad address.
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<p>The system detected an address which was not valid while attempting to
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access the <em>buffer</em> or <em>destination_address</em> parameter.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EHOSTDOWN]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">A remote host is not available.
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<p>This error code can only be returned on sockets that use a connectionless
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transport service.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EHOSTUNREACH]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">A route to the remote host is not available.
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<p>This error code can only be returned on sockets that use a connectionless
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transport service.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EINTR]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Interrupted function call.<br>
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<br>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EINVAL]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Parameter not valid.
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<p>This error code indicates one of the following:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>The <em>buffer_length</em> parameter specifies a negative value.<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>The socket is using a connectionless transport service and the
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<em>address_length</em> parameter specifies a length that is not valid for the
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address family.<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>The <em>socket_descriptor</em> points to a socket with an address family of
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<samp>AF_UNIX_CCSID</samp>, and the CCSID specified in <em>sunc_qlg</em> in the
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<strong>sockaddr_unc</strong> structure (pointed to by <em>local_address</em>)
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cannot be converted to the current default CCSID for integrated file system
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path names.<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>The <em>socket_descriptor</em> points to a socket with an address family of
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<samp>AF_UNIX_CCSID</samp>, and there was an incomplete character or shift
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state sequence at the end of <em>sunc_path</em> in the
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<strong>sockaddr_unc</strong> structure (pointed to by
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<em>local_address</em>).<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>The <em>socket_descriptor</em> points to a socket with an address family of
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<samp>AF_UNIX_CCSID</samp>, and the <strong>sockaddr_unc</strong> structure
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(pointed to by <em>local_address</em>) was not valid:
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<ul>
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<li>The sunc_format was not set to SO_UNC_DEFAULT or SO_UNC_USE_QLG.<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>The sunc_zero was not initialized to zeros.<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>The sunc_format field was set to SO_UNC_USE_QLG and the sunc_qlg structure
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was not valid:
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<ul>
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<li>The path type was less than 0 or greater than 3.<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>The path length was less than 0 or out of bounds. For example, a
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single-byte path name was greater than 126 bytes or a double-byte path name was
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greater than 252 bytes.<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>A reserved field was not initialized to zeros.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EIO]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Input/output error.<br>
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<br>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EISCONN]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">A connection has already been established.
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<p>A destination address was set, but the socket pointed to by the
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<em>socket_descriptor</em> parameter already has a destination address
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associated with it.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[ELOOP]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">A loop exists in symbolic links encountered
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during pathname resolution.
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<p>This error code refers to the destination address, and can only be returned
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on sockets that use the <samp>AF_UNIX</samp> or <samp>AF_UNIX_CCSID</samp>
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address family.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EMSGSIZE]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Message size out of range.
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<p>The data to be sent could not be sent atomically because the total size of
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the data to be sent is too large.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[ENAMETOOLONG]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">File name too long.
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<p>This error code refers to the destination address, and can only be returned
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on sockets that use the <samp>AF_UNIX</samp> or <samp>AF_UNIX_CCSID</samp>
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address family.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[ENETDOWN]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">The network is not currently available.
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<p>This error code can only be returned on sockets that use a connectionless
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transport service.</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[ENETUNREACH]</em></td>
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<td align="left" valign="top">Cannot reach the destination network.
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<p>This error code can only be returned on sockets that use a connectionless
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transport service.</p>
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||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[ENOBUFS]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">There is not enough buffer space for the
|
||
|
requested operation.<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[ENOENT]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">No such file or directory.
|
||
|
|
||
|
<p>This error code refers to the destination address, and can only be returned
|
||
|
on sockets that use the <samp>AF_UNIX</samp> or <samp>AF_UNIX_CCSID</samp>
|
||
|
address family.</p>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[ENOSYS]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">Function not implemented.
|
||
|
|
||
|
<p>This error code refers to the destination address, and can only be returned
|
||
|
on sockets that use the <samp>AF_UNIX</samp> or <samp>AF_UNIX_CCSID</samp>
|
||
|
address family.</p>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[ENOTCONN]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">Requested operation requires a connection.
|
||
|
|
||
|
<p>This error code can only be returned on sockets that use a
|
||
|
connection-oriented transport service.</p>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[ENOTDIR]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">Not a directory.
|
||
|
|
||
|
<p>This error code refers to the destination address, and can only be returned
|
||
|
on sockets that use the <samp>AF_UNIX</samp> or <samp>AF_UNIX_CCSID</samp>
|
||
|
address family.</p>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[ENOTSOCK]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">The specified descriptor does not reference a
|
||
|
socket.<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EOPNOTSUPP]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">Operation not supported.
|
||
|
|
||
|
<p>This error code indicates one of the following:</p>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<ul>
|
||
|
<li>The <em>flags</em> parameter specifies a value that includes the
|
||
|
<samp>MSG_OOB</samp> flag, but the <em>socket_descriptor</em> parameter points
|
||
|
to a connectionless socket.<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li>The <em>flags</em> parameter specifies a value that includes the
|
||
|
<samp>MSG_OOB</samp> flag, but the <em>socket_descriptor</em> parameter points
|
||
|
to a socket that does not have an address family of <samp>AF_INET</samp> or <samp>AF_INET6</samp>.</li>
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EPIPE]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">Broken pipe.<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EPROTOTYPE]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">The socket type or protocols are not compatible.
|
||
|
|
||
|
<p>This error code is only returned on sockets that use the
|
||
|
<samp>AF_UNIX</samp> or the <samp>AF_UNIX_CCSID</samp> address family.</p>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EUNATCH]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">The protocol required to support the specified
|
||
|
address family is not available at this time.<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EUNKNOWN]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">Unknown system state.<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top"><em>[EWOULDBLOCK]</em></td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">Operation would have caused the thread to be
|
||
|
suspended.<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
<h3>Error Messages</h3>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<table width="100%" cellpadding="5">
|
||
|
<!-- cols="15 85" -->
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<th align="left" valign="top">Message ID</th>
|
||
|
<th align="left" valign="top">Error Message Text</th>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td width="15%" valign="top">CPE3418 E</td>
|
||
|
<td width="85%" valign="top">Possible APAR condition or hardware failure.</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">CPF9872 E</td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">Program or service program &1 in library
|
||
|
&2 ended. Reason code &3.</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">CPFA081 E</td>
|
||
|
<td align="left" valign="top">Unable to set return value or error code.</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
<h3>Usage Notes</h3>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<ol>
|
||
|
<li>A destination address cannot be specified if the socket pointed to by the
|
||
|
<em>socket_descriptor</em> parameter already has a destination address
|
||
|
associated with it. To <strong>not</strong> specify an address, users must set
|
||
|
the <em>destination_address</em> field to NULL or set the
|
||
|
<em>address_length</em> field to zero. (Not specifying an address by setting
|
||
|
the <em>address_length</em> field to zero is an IBM extension.)
|
||
|
|
||
|
<p><strong>Note:</strong> The <em>destination_address</em> and
|
||
|
<em>address_length</em> fields are ignored if the socket is using a
|
||
|
connection-oriented transport service.</p>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li>If the socket is using a connectionless transport device, the socket is not
|
||
|
bound to an address, and the socket type is <samp>SOCK_DGRAM</samp>, the system
|
||
|
automatically selects an address (INADDR_ANY or in6addr_any and an available port number) and binds it to the socket
|
||
|
before sending the data.<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li>To broadcast on an <samp>AF_INET</samp> socket, the socket option
|
||
|
<samp>SO_BROADCAST</samp> must be set (with a <em>setsockopt()</em>).<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li>When using a connection-oriented transport service, all errors except
|
||
|
<samp>[EUNATCH]</samp> and <samp>[EUNKNOWN]</samp> are mapped to
|
||
|
<samp>[EPIPE]</samp> on an output operation when either of the following
|
||
|
occurs:
|
||
|
|
||
|
<ul>
|
||
|
<li>A connection that is in progress is unsuccessful.</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li>An established connection is broken.</li>
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<p>To get the actual error, use <em>getsockopt()</em> with the
|
||
|
<samp>SO_ERROR</samp> option, or perform an input operation (for example,
|
||
|
<em>read()</em>).</p>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li>If the socket is using an address family of <samp>AF_UNIX</samp>, the
|
||
|
destination address (which is a path name) is assumed to be in the default
|
||
|
coded character set identifier (CCSID) currently in effect for the job. For
|
||
|
<samp>AF_UNIX_CCSID</samp>, the destination address is assumed to be in the
|
||
|
format and coded character set identifier (CCSID) specified in the
|
||
|
<strong>sockaddr_unc</strong>.<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li>When you develop in C-based
|
||
|
languages and an application is compiled with the _XOPEN_SOURCE macro defined
|
||
|
to the value 520 or greater, the <em>sendto()</em> API is mapped to
|
||
|
<em>qso_sendto98()</em>.</li>
|
||
|
</ol>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
<h3>Related Information</h3>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<ul>
|
||
|
<li><a href=
|
||
|
"_xopen_source.htm">_XOPEN_SOURCE</a>--Using _XOPEN_SOURCE for the UNIX 98
|
||
|
compatible interface<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li><a href="fcntl.htm">fcntl()</a>--Perform File Control Command<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li><a href="ioctl.htm">ioctl()</a>--Perform I/O Control Request<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li><a href="send.htm">send()</a>--Send Data<br>
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<li><a href="sendms.htm">sendmsg()</a>--Send Data or Descriptors or Both</li>
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<br>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<hr>
|
||
|
API introduced: V3R1
|
||
|
|
||
|
<hr>
|
||
|
<center>
|
||
|
<table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
|
||
|
<tr align="center">
|
||
|
<td valign="middle" align="center"><a href="#Top_Of_Page">Top</a> |
|
||
|
<a href="unix.htm">UNIX-Type APIs</a> |
|
||
|
<a href="aplist.htm">APIs by category</a> </td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
</table>
|
||
|
</center>
|
||
|
</body>
|
||
|
</html>
|
||
|
|